ReviewArthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.)2017
Review: Metabolic Control of Immune System Activation in Rheumatic Diseases.
Review in Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.), 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 72 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
72 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 109 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Emerging Epigenetic Role of CD8+T Cells in Autoimmune Diseases: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Pooled it
- Trial
- The role of leukocyte p38 MAP kinase in immune-mediated peripheral polyneuropathies: distinct modulation by intravenous immunoglobulins.Journal of neurology · 2026Article
- Lactate metabolism and protein lactylation in inflammatory and tumor microenvironments.Molecular biomedicine · 2026Review
- Immune responses in aging adults.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Review
- Immunometabolism in rheumatoid arthritis: mechanisms, biomarkers, and the path to precision medicine.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- The Role of Synovitis and Latent Transcription Factors in the Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis.Current rheumatology reviews · 2026Review
- Cellular Metabolic Disorders in a Cohort of Patients with Sjogren's Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells for the Treatment of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus via Glucose Metabolism of CD4Stem cell reviews and reports · 2025Article
- Review
- Occupational dust and chemical exposures and the development of autoimmune rheumatic diseases.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2025Review
- Interferon-driven Metabolic Reprogramming and Tumor Microenvironment Remodeling.Immune network · 2025Review
- Metabolomic Profiling Reveals Serum Tryptophan as a Potential Therapeutic Target for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.Journal of inflammation research · 2025Article
- Genetic Commonalities Between Metabolic Syndrome and Rheumatic Diseases Through Disease Interactome Modules.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2025Article
- Article
- Intersection of the microbiome and immune metabolism in lupus.Immunological reviews · 2024Review
- Identification of Predictive Biomarkers of Lameness in Transition Dairy Cows.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- Redox Pathogenesis in Rheumatic Diseases.ACR open rheumatology · 2024Review
- Glucose and trehalose metabolism through the cyclic pentose phosphate pathway shapes pathogen resistance and host protection in Drosophila.PLoS biology · 2024Article
- Rab4A-directed endosome traffic shapes pro-inflammatory mitochondrial metabolism in T cells via mitophagy, CD98 expression, and kynurenine-sensitive mTOR activation.Nature communications · 2024Article
12 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Metabolic pathways mediate lineage specification within the immune system through the regulation of glucose utilization, a process that generates energy in the form of ATP and synthesis of amino acids, nucleotides, and lipids to enable cell growth, proliferation, and survival. CD4+ T cells, a proinflammatory cell subset, preferentially produce ATP through glycolysis, whereas cells with an antiinflammatory lineage, such as memory and regulatory T cells, favor mitochondrial ATP generation. In conditions of metabolic stress or a shortage of nutrients, cells rely on autophagy to secure amino acids and other substrates, while survival depends on the sparing of mitochondria and maintenance of a reducing environment. The pentose phosphate pathway acts as a key gatekeeper of inflammation by supplying ribose-5-phosphate for cell proliferation and NADPH for antioxidant defenses. Increased lysosomal catabolism, accumulation of branched amino acids, glutamine, kynurenine, and histidine, and depletion of glutathione and cysteine activate the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), an arbiter of lineage development within the innate and adaptive immune systems. Mapping the impact of susceptibility genes to metabolic pathways allows for better understanding and therapeutic targeting of disease-specific expansion of proinflammatory cells. Therapeutic approaches aimed at glutathione depletion and mTOR pathway activation appear to be safe and effective for treating lupus, while an opposing intervention may be of benefit in rheumatoid arthritis. Environmental sources of origin for metabolites within immune cells may include microbiota and plants. Thus, a better understanding of the pathways of immunometabolism could provide new insights into the pathogenesis and treatment of the rheumatic diseases.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.