ArticleTobacco use insights2017
Socioeconomic Disparities in Smoking Behavior and Early Smoking Initiation Among Men in Malawi.
Article in Tobacco use insights, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Determinants of tobacco use among men aged 15 to 59 in Sub Sahara Africa: a multilevel mixed effect logistic regression analysis.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Exploring explainable machine learning algorithms to model predictors of tobacco use among men in Sub Sahara Africa between 2018 and 2023.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The impact of oral health disparities on smoking prevalence.Frontiers in public health · 2025Review
- Determinants of tobacco use among pregnant women in sub-Saharan Africa. A multilevel mixed-effect logistic regression model.PloS one · 2024Article
- Association between experiences of intimate partner sexual violence and cigarette smoking among women in union in Papua New Guinea: evidence from a nationally representative survey.BMC public health · 2022Article
- Social mobility and healthy behaviours from a gender perspective in the Spanish multicase-control study (MCC-Spain).PloS one · 2021Article
- Smoking cessation advice and quit attempts in South Africa between 2007 and 2017: A cross-sectional study.Tobacco induced diseases · 2021Article
- SMS-based family planning communication and its association with modern contraception and maternal healthcare use in selected low-middle-income countries.BMC medical informatics and decision making · 2020Article
- Ethnic disparities in prevalence and patterns of smoking and nicotine dependence in rural southwest China: a cross-sectional study.BMJ open · 2019Article
- Socioeconomic disparities in prevalence and behaviors of smoking in rural Southwest China.BMC public health · 2019Article
- Alcohol and Tobacco Use among Men in Zambia and Zimbabwe.Journal of lifestyle medicine · 2019Article
- Prevalence of Alcohol and Tobacco Use among Men and Women in Namibia.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTobacco smoking is a growing concern for health care systems as it is projected to become the leading cause of death in the developing world. Knowledge of how smoking behavior differs across socioeconomic groups is crucial for designing effective preventive policies and alleviating the disparities. The aim of this study was to report the prevalence of (1) smoking status, (2) early smoking initiation, and (3) association with socioeconomic status (SES) of the 2 among Malawian men.
methodsCross-sectional data on 1693 men aged between 15 and 49 years were collected from the latest 2013-2014 Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey in Malawi. Educational qualification and wealth index quintile were used as the indicators of SES. Outcome variables were smoking status, first age of smoking being below 18 years, and ever using any form of smokeless tobacco products. Multiple logistic regression models were used to see the contribution of SES to smoking status and early smoking initiation.
resultsMean age of the sample population was 33.23 years (SD: 8.25). Prevalence of smoking, early initiation, and ever using any form of smokeless tobacco were, respectively, 46.6%, 33.7%, and 6%. Compared with men who had higher education, those who had no formal education, primary-level, and secondary-level qualification had, respectively, 21% (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.209; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.498-2.935), 40% (AOR = 1.4; 95% CI = 0.647-3.029), and 26% (AOR = 1.256; 95% CI = 0.593-2.661) higher odds of being a smoker. Those who had no formal education were 2.7 times (AOR = 2.734; 95% CI = 1.123-6.653) as likely to try smoking before reaching 18 years of age. Compared with the richest, those in the lowest wealth quintile had 32% lower odds (AOR = 0.676; 95% CI = 0.455-1.006) of early onset of smoking, 63% lower odds (AOR = 0.372; 95% CI = 0.201-0.690) of trying other tobacco products.
conclusionsAddressing the socioeconomic disparities could play a vital role in delaying early onset and limiting overall consumption of tobacco. Ongoing health policy talks to reduce the prevalence of smoking should take into consideration improving educational and material well-being among men.
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