ReviewThe European respiratory journal2017
ERS statement on protracted bacterial bronchitis in children.
Review in The European respiratory journal, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 60 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
60 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 229 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mucolytics for children with chronic suppurative lung disease.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Comparison of Jinzhen oral liquid and ambroxol hydrochloride and clenbuterol hydrochloride oral solution in the treatment of acute bronchitis in children: A multicenter, non-inferiority, prospective, randomized controlled trial.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2024Trial
- Bronchoscopic abnormalities in children with chronic nonspecific cough.BMC pediatrics · 2026Article
- Bronchoscopy Identifies Bacterial Airway Colonization and Comorbidities in Preschool Children With Refractory Respiratory Symptoms: A Retrospective Study.Pediatric pulmonology · 2026Article
- Analysis of pathogen distribution and risk factors for extended antibiotic course in children with microbiological-based protracted bacterial bronchitis in southwest China.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- Bacterial Isolates from Bronchoalveolar Lavage in Pediatric Patients with Protracted Bacterial Bronchitis or Bronchiectasis: A Retrospective Comparative Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Airway anomalies in flexible bronchoscopy for pediatric chronic cough: predictive value of specific clinical symptoms.European journal of pediatrics · 2025Article
- Clinical characteristics of infants with protracted bacterial bronchitis: an observational cohort study.Translational pediatrics · 2025Article
- A study of etiology and asthma risks in infants and toddlers hospitalized for recurrent or persistent wheezing.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Article
- Neuromodulators in Acute and Chronic Cough in Children: An Update from the Literature.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Role of Spirometry, Radiology, and Flexible Bronchoscopy in Assessing Chronic Cough in Children.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Biofilm Production and Its Implications in Pediatrics.Microorganisms · 2024Review
- Pathophysiology and genomics of bronchiectasis.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2024Review
- Cough in Protracted Bacterial Bronchitis and Bronchiectasis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Chronic Bronchitis in Children and Adults: Definitions, Pathophysiology, Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Consequences.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Endotypes of Paediatric Cough-Do They Exist and Finding New Techniques to Improve Clinical Outcomes.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Controversies in Antibiotic Use for Chronic Wet Cough in Children.The Journal of pediatrics · 2024Article
- Time to re-set our thinking about airways disease: lessons from history, the resurgence of chronic bronchitis / PBB and modern concepts in microbiology.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2024Review
- The Respiratory Microbiome in Paediatric Chronic Wet Cough: What Is Known and Future Directions.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Seasonal Azithromycin Use in Paediatric Protracted Bacterial Bronchitis Does Not Promote Antimicrobial Resistance but Does Modulate the Nasopharyngeal Microbiome.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Observational
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 11 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
Abstract
This European Respiratory Society statement provides a comprehensive overview on protracted bacterial bronchitis (PBB) in children. A task force of experts, consisting of clinicians from Europe and Australia who manage children with PBB determined the overall scope of this statement through consensus. Systematic reviews addressing key questions were undertaken, diagrams in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement constructed and findings of relevant studies summarised. The final content of this statement was agreed upon by all members.The current knowledge regarding PBB is presented, including the definition, microbiology data, known pathobiology, bronchoalveolar lavage findings and treatment strategies to manage these children. Evidence for the definition of PBB was sought specifically and presented. In addition, the task force identified several major clinical areas in PBB requiring further research, including collecting more prospective data to better identify the disease burden within the community, determining its natural history, a better understanding of the underlying disease mechanisms and how to optimise its treatment, with a particular requirement for randomised controlled trials to be conducted in primary care.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.