ReviewJournal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR2017
How Stuttering Develops: The Multifactorial Dynamic Pathways Theory.
Review in Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 103 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
103 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Non-pharmacological interventions for stuttering in children six years and younger.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2021Pooled it
- Clinical Characteristics Associated With Stuttering Persistence: A Meta-Analysis.Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR · 2020Pooled it
- A year in stuttering research: A systematic review of global representation and sociodemographic reporting practices in English-language journals in 2020.Journal of communication disordersPooled it
- Physiological Correlates of Fluent and Stuttered Speech Production in Preschool Children Who Stutter.Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR · 2019Trial
- The role of social anxiety and attentional focus in a virtual reality environment on articulatory control in adults who stutter.Journal of fluency disorders · 2026Article
- Altered gray matter network segregation and disrupted interregional connectivity in children with persistent developmental stuttering: a graph-theoretical morphometric study.Brain imaging and behavior · 2026Article
- Latent Classes of Typical and Atypical Speech Development in Low-Income Children: A Longitudinal Study From Early Childhood to Adolescence.Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR · 2026Article
- Structural Brain Correlates of Speech Disfluency in Early Childhood: A Dimensional Analysis in a Population-Based Cohort.The European journal of neuroscience · 2026Article
- Neural subtypes in developmental stuttering.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Stuttering and Dystonia: Is There a Possible Overlap?Movement disorders clinical practice · 2026Article
- Risk factors and assessment methods for screening childhood-onset fluency disorders: a scoping review.CoDAS · 2026Article
- Predicting the impact of stuttering in the school years.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- The Speech Network in Childhood Stuttering: Differences in Functional Connectivity of the Planning and Motor Loops.Neurobiology of language (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2026Article
- Effects of stuttering and sound avoidance on reference production and memory.Applied psycholinguistics · 2026Article
- Investigating perspective taking and caregiver-proxy-child communication attitude agreement in early childhood stuttering.PloS one · 2026Article
- Cortical emotional reactivity, caregiver-reported emotional control, and stuttering frequency in young children.Journal of fluency disorders · 2025Article
- Attention Bias in School-Age Children Who Stutter: Evidence From a Dot-Probe Task.Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR · 2025Article
- Executive function in preschool children who stutter: a behavioral assessment study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Psychophysiology-aided Perceptually Fluent Speech Analysis of Children Who Stutter.... ACM/IEEE International Conference on Cyber-Physical Systems. IEEE/ACM International Conference on Cyber-Physical Systems · 2025Article
- Improving Stuttering Through Augmented Multisensory Feedback Stimulation.Brain sciences · 2025Article
43 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Purpose: We advanced a multifactorial, dynamic account of the complex, nonlinear interactions of motor, linguistic, and emotional factors contributing to the development of stuttering. Our purpose here is to update our account as the multifactorial dynamic pathways theory. Method: We review evidence related to how stuttering develops, including genetic/epigenetic factors; motor, linguistic, and emotional features; and advances in neuroimaging studies. We update evidence for our earlier claim: Although stuttering ultimately reflects impairment in speech sensorimotor processes, its course over the life span is strongly conditioned by linguistic and emotional factors. Results: Our current account places primary emphasis on the dynamic developmental context in which stuttering emerges and follows its course during the preschool years. Rapid changes in many neurobehavioral systems are ongoing, and critical interactions among these systems likely play a major role in determining persistence of or recovery from stuttering. Conclusion: Stuttering, or childhood onset fluency disorder (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition; American Psychiatric Association [APA], 2013), is a neurodevelopmental disorder that begins when neural networks supporting speech, language, and emotional functions are rapidly developing. The multifactorial dynamic pathways theory motivates experimental and clinical work to determine the specific factors that contribute to each child's pathway to the diagnosis of stuttering and those most likely to promote recovery.
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