Trial reportMicrobiome2017
Early gut mycobiota and mother-offspring transfer.
Trial report in Microbiome, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. It is linked to trial NCT00159523 (The Impact of Perinatal Daily Supplement of a Probiotic), which is not on this map. Cited by 105 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Impact of Perinatal Daily Supplement of a Probiotic (Lactobacillus Rhamnosus GG), Given to Mothers, on Immunological Development, Atopic Sensitisation and Allergic Disease in Their Off-spring
Who cites it
105 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 172 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neonatal Fungemia by Non-Candida Rare Opportunistic Yeasts: A Systematic Review of Literature.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Pooled it
- Maternal gut microbiota in the postpartum Period: A Systematic review.European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology · 2023Pooled it
- Effect of intrapartum azithromycin on early childhood gut mycobiota development: post hoc analysis of a double-blind randomized trial.Nature communications · 2025Trial
- Fungi form interkingdom microbial communities in the primordial human gut that develop with gestational age.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2019Trial
- Beyond Bacteria: The Emerging Role of the Gut Virome and Mycobiome in Celiac Disease.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Maternal and infant gut microbiome.iMeta · 2026Review
- Saccharomycetes and Malassezia fungi associate with early-life gut maturation and allergic disease risk in childhood.Nature communications · 2026Article
- The mycobiome, virome and archaeome in gastrointestinal cancers: molecular pathogenesis and therapeutic intervention.Molecular cancer · 2026Review
- The pediatric oral mycobiome: a comprehensive review of its role in health and disease.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- Fungal DNA profiles across maternal and neonatal biological sites: findings from an exploratory pilot study.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- The human mycobiome: a critical yet understudied component of health and disease.Microbiology (Reading, England) · 2025Review
- Anti-Colon Cancer Effects of Lysate from Potential Probiotic Yeast Strains Derived from Human Breast Milk.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2025Article
- One Health, One Microbiome.Microbiome · 2025Review
- A reconceptualized framework for human microbiome transmission in early life.Nature communications · 2025Review
- The Human Mycobiome: Composition, Immune Interactions, and Impact on Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Microbiome-based therapeutics towards healthier aging and longevity.Genome medicine · 2025Review
- Gut Mycobiome: Latest Findings and Current Knowledge Regarding Its Significance in Human Health and Disease.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Dietary Pea Fibre Improves Obesity, Intestinal Barrier, Reproductive Performance, Offspring Health of Parent Mice Deprived of Dietary Fibre.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Draft genome sequence of a non-human primate-derived isolate ofMicrobiology resource announcements · 2025Article
- Fungi in the Gut Microbiota: Interactions, Homeostasis, and Host Physiology.Microorganisms · 2025Review
45 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe fungi in the gastrointestinal tract, the gut mycobiota, are now recognised as a significant part of the gut microbiota, and they may be important to human health. In contrast to the adult gut mycobiota, the establishment of the early gut mycobiota has never been described, and there is little knowledge about the fungal transfer from mother to offspring.
methodsIn a prospective cohort, we followed 298 pairs of healthy mothers and offspring from 36 weeks of gestation until 2 years of age (1516 samples) and explored the gut mycobiota in maternal and offspring samples. Half of the pregnant mothers were randomised into drinking probiotic milk during and after pregnancy. The probiotic bacteria included Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG), Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis Bb-12 and Lactobacillus acidophilus La-5. We quantified the fungal abundance of all the samples using qPCR of the fungal internal transcribed spacer (ITS)1 segment, and we sequenced the 18S rRNA gene ITS1 region of 90 high-quantity samples using the MiSeq platform (Illumina).
resultsThe gut mycobiota was detected in most of the mothers and the majority of the offspring. The offspring showed increased odds of having detectable faecal fungal DNA if the mother had detectable fungal DNA as well (OR = 1.54, p = 0.04). The fungal alpha diversity in the offspring gut increased from its lowest at 10 days after birth, which was the earliest sampling point. The fungal diversity and fungal species showed a succession towards the maternal mycobiota as the child aged, with Debaryomyces hansenii being the most abundant species during breast-feeding and Saccharomyces cerevisiae as the most abundant after weaning. Probiotic consumption increased the gut mycobiota abundance in pregnant mothers (p = 0.01).
conclusionThis study provides the first insight into the early fungal establishment and the succession of fungal species in the gut mycobiota. The results support the idea that the fungal host phenotype is transferred from mother to offspring.
trial registrationClinicaltrials.gov NCT00159523.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.