Trial reportScientific reports2017
Changes in the intestinal microbiota following the administration of azithromycin in a randomised placebo-controlled trial among infants in south India.
Trial report in Scientific reports, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 60 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
60 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 92 citations in OpenAlex.
- Global Microbiome: Core and Unique Signatures Across Diverse Populations.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Pooled it
- The effect of antibiotics on the intestinal microbiota in children - a systematic review.Frontiers in allergy · 2024Pooled it
- Gut OncoMicrobiome Signatures (GOMS) as next-generation biomarkers for cancer immunotherapy.Nature reviews. Clinical oncology · 2023Pooled it
- Impact of antibiotics on gut microbiome composition and resistome in the first years of life in low- to middle-income countries: A systematic review.PLoS medicine · 2023Pooled it
- Geographical separation and ethnic origin influence the human gut microbial composition: a meta-analysis from a Malaysian perspective.Microbial genomics · 2021Pooled it
- Adverse events in people taking macrolide antibiotics versus placebo for any indication.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Effect of one prophylactic dose of azithromycin on Bifidobacterium infantis colonization in infants from the Mumta trial.International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2025Trial
- Biannual Administrations of Azithromycin and the Gastrointestinal Microbiome of Malawian Children: A Nested Cohort Study Within a Randomized Controlled Trial.Frontiers in public health · 2022Trial
- The Duration of Protection from Azithromycin Against Malaria, Acute Respiratory, Gastrointestinal, and Skin Infections When Given Alongside Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention: Secondary Analyses of Data from a Clinical Trial in Houndé, Burkina Faso, and Bougouni, Mali.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2021Trial
- Intestinal microbiome analysis demonstrates azithromycin post-treatment effects improve when combined with lactulose.World journal of pediatrics : WJP · 2020Trial
- FUT2 Secretor Status Is Not Associated With Oral Poliovirus Vaccine Immunogenicity in South Indian Infants.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2019Trial
- Short- and long-term impacts of azithromycin treatment on the gut microbiota in children: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.EBioMedicine · 2018Trial
- Distinct trajectories of urbanization shape the human gut microbiome across South Asia.Gut microbes · 2026Article
- Rapid early life colonization of the intestinal tract by Akkermansia muciniphila after voluntary feeding.BMC microbiology · 2026Article
- Distinct trajectories of urbanization shape the human gut microbiome across South Asia.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Mechanisms, Efficacy, Safety, and Pharmacoeconomics of Low-Dose, Long-Term Macrolide Antibiotics in the Treatment of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Review.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2026Review
- Antagonistic drug interactions protect commensalGut microbes · 2025Article
- Effects of commonly used antibiotics on children's developing gut microbiomes and resistomes in peri-urban Lima, Peru.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2025Article
- Evaluating Effects of Antibiotics Across Preclinical Models of the Human Gastrointestinal Microbiota.MicrobiologyOpen · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Macrolides are among the most widely prescribed antibiotics worldwide. However, their impact on the gut's bacterial microbiota remains uncertain. We characterised the intestinal microbiota in 6-11 month-old infants in India who received a 3-day course of azithromycin or placebo during a randomised trial of oral poliovirus vaccine immunogenicity (CTRI/2014/05/004588). In 60 infants per study arm, we sequenced the V4 region of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene in stool samples collected before and 12 days after finishing treatment. We also tested for the presence of common bacterial, viral, and eukaryotic enteropathogens in the same samples using real-time PCR in a Taqman array card (TAC) format. Azithromycin induced a modest decline in microbiota richness and a shift in taxonomic composition driven by a reduction in the relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Verrucomicrobia (specifically Akkermansia muciniphila). The former phylum includes pathogenic strains of Escherichia coli and Campylobacter spp. that declined in prevalence based on the TAC assay. These findings differ from previous observations among older children and adults in Europe and North America, suggesting that the effects of azithromycin on the bacterial microbiota may be specific to the age and geographic setting of its recipients.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.