Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28832271›Full record

SynthesisSurgical infections

Prolonged Operative Duration Increases Risk of Surgical Site Infections: A Systematic Review.

Hang Cheng, Brian Po-Han Chen, Ireena M Soleas, Nicole C Ferko, Chris G Cameron, Piet Hinoul

Registry-linked trialAbstract readSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Surgical infections. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03551561 (Antisepsis Techniques in Orthopedic Surgical Procedures), which is not on this map. Cited by 370 papers, 17 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
370citing papers in PubMed, 17 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT03551561 nacompletednot on this map

Antisepsis Techniques in Orthopedic Surgical Procedures: a Comparative Study

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversidade do Vale do SapucaiRan2017 to 2017Enrolled170ConditionsInfectionArmsCSAAC, CSAC
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

370 citing papers in PubMed, 17 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  10. Single-arm meta-analysis on robotic spine instrumentation for young patients.European journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie · 2025
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310 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Hang Cheng1 Ethicon Inc. , Cincinnati, Ohio.
Brian Po-Han Chen1 Ethicon Inc. , Cincinnati, Ohio.
Ireena M Soleas2 Cornerstone Research Group , Burlington, Ontario, Canada .
Nicole C Ferko2 Cornerstone Research Group , Burlington, Ontario, Canada .
Chris G Cameron2 Cornerstone Research Group , Burlington, Ontario, Canada .
Piet Hinoul1 Ethicon Inc. , Cincinnati, Ohio.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe incidence of surgical site infection (SSI) across surgical procedures, specialties, and conditions is reported to vary from 0.1% to 50%. Operative duration is often cited as an independent and potentially modifiable risk factor for SSI. The objective of this systematic review was to provide an in-depth understanding of the relation between operating time and SSI. PATIENTS AND

methodsThis review included 81 prospective and retrospective studies. Along with study design, likelihood of SSI, mean operative times, time thresholds, effect measures, confidence intervals, and p values were extracted. Three meta-analyses were conducted, whereby odds ratios were pooled by hourly operative time thresholds, increments of increasing operative time, and surgical specialty.

resultsPooled analyses demonstrated that the association between extended operative time and SSI typically remained statistically significant, with close to twice the likelihood of SSI observed across various time thresholds. The likelihood of SSI increased with increasing time increments; for example, a 13%, 17%, and 37% increased likelihood for every 15 min, 30 min, and 60 min of surgery, respectively. On average, across various procedures, the mean operative time was approximately 30 min longer in patients with SSIs compared with those patients without.

conclusionsProlonged operative time can increase the risk of SSI. Given the importance of SSIs on patient outcomes and health care economics, hospitals should focus efforts to reduce operative time.

Indexed as

Operative TimeHumansRisk FactorsSurgical Procedures, OperativeSurgical Wound Infectionoperative timesurgery, surgical site infectionsystematic review

Identifiers

PMID28832271
PMCPMC5685201

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.