ArticleJournal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine2017
Assessing Spatial Relationships between Race, Inequality, Crime, and Gonorrhea and Chlamydia in the United States.
Article in Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed.
- Socioeconomic factors associated with chlamydia and gonorrhea positivity in the United States, 2022-2024.BMC public health · 2026Article
- "The Simplest Way to Go": An Exploration of Why Women Who Inject Drugs Chose Long-Acting Injectable Cabotegravir Instead of Daily Oral PrEP.AIDS and behavior · 2025Article
- Chlamydia and gonorrhea incidence and residential segregation: US spatiotemporal patterns (2013-2021).BMC public health · 2025Article
- Multivariate Poisson cokriging: A geostatistical model for health count data.Statistical methods in medical research · 2024Article
- Spatial association between green space and COPD mortality: a township-level ecological study in Chongqing, China.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2023Article
- Creating a path forward: understanding the context of sexual health and sexually transmitted infections in American Indian/Alaska Native populations – a review.Sexual health · 2022Review
- Gaps in Sexually Transmitted Infection Screening Among Men who Have Sex with Men in Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) Care in the United States.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2021Article
- The main factors influencing COVID-19 spread and deaths in Mexico: A comparison between phases I and II.Applied geography (Sevenoaks, England) · 2021Article
- Geospatial and Temporal Associations between Increases in Opioid Deaths, Socioeconomics, and Rates of Sexually Transmitted Infections in the Northeast United States 2012-2017.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Integrating Individual and Contextual Factors to Explain Disparities in HIV/STI Among Heterosexual African American Youth: A Contemporary Literature Review and Social Ecological Model.Archives of sexual behavior · 2020Review
- County-Level Social Capital and Bacterial Sexually Transmitted Infections in the United States.Sexually transmitted diseases · 2020Article
- Urban Green Space Is Spatially Associated with Cardiovascular Disease Occurrence in Women of Mashhad: a Spatial Analysis of Influential Factors on their Presence in Urban Green Spaces.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2019Article
- Geographic correlates of primary and secondary syphilis among men who have sex with men in the United States.Annals of epidemiology · 2019Article
- Measuring and Visualizing Chlamydia and Gonorrhea Inequality: An Informatics Approach Using Geographical Information Systems.Online journal of public health informatics · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
Abstract
Incidence rates of chlamydia and gonorrhea reached unprecedented levels in 2015 and are concentrated in southern counties of the USA. Using incidence data from the Center for Disease Control, Moran's I analyses assessed the data for statistically significant clusters of chlamydia and gonorrhea at the county level in 46 states of the USA. Lagrange multiplier diagnostics justified selection of the spatial Durbin regression model for chlamydia and the spatial error model for gonorrhea. Rates of chlamydia (Moran's I = .37, p < .001) and gonorrhea (Moran's I = .38, p < .001) were highly clustered particularly in the southern region of the USA. Logged percent in poverty (B = .49, p < .001 and B = .48, p < .001) and racial composition of African-Americans (B = .16, p < .001 and B = .40, p < .001); Native Americans (B = .12, p < .001 and B = .20, p < .001); and Asians (B = .14, p < .001 and B = .09, p < .001) were significantly associated with greater rates of chlamydia and gonorrhea, respectively, after accounting for spatial dependence in the data. Logged rates of rates violent crimes were associated with chlamydia (B = .053, p < .001) and gonorrhea (B = .10, p < .001). Logged rates of drug crimes (.052, p < .001) were only associated with chlamydia. Metropolitan census designation was associated with logged rates of chlamydia (B = .12, p < .001) and gonorrhea (B = .24, p < .001). Spatial heterogeneity in the distribution of rates of chlamydia and gonorrhea provide important insights for strategic public health interventions in the USA and inform the allocation of limited resources for the prevention of chlamydia and gonorrhea.
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