ArticleInternational ophthalmology2018
Gender differences in keratoconus keratoplasty: a 25-year study in Southern Brazil and global perspective.
Article in International ophthalmology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- TFOS lifestyle: Impact of societal challenges on the ocular surface.The ocular surface · 2023Pooled it
- Penetrating Keratoplasty: Indications and Graft Survival by Geographic Region.Seminars in ophthalmology · 2023Article
- Long-term results of accelerated and conventional corneal cross-linking.International ophthalmology · 2020Article
- Literature review and suggested protocol for prevention and treatment of corneal graft rejection.Eye (London, England) · 2020Review
- Role of theMolecular vision · 2020Article
- Do age-related macular degeneration genes show association with keratoconus?Eye and vision (London, England) · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
purposeTo compare the characteristics and outcomes of male and female patients that underwent corneal transplantation for keratoconus (KC) in Southern Brazil and worldwide.
methodsRetrospective longitudinal study that evaluated medical records of patients who were submitted to keratoplasty between August 1990 and September 2015 in two tertiary hospitals in the state of Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil) and review of the Medline and Embase database international literature.
resultsOut of a total of 4026 corneal transplants at that period, 1284 patients (1530 eyes) received preoperative diagnosis of KC (31.8%). A total of 839 men underwent keratoplasty for KC (65.4%) with mean age of 30.3 (±12.2) years. The 445 transplanted women (34.6%) had a mean age of 34.5 (±14.8) years. Both differences were statistically significant (p < 0.01). Regarding laterality, skin color, recipient and donor cornea trephination diameter, and rejection episodes there was no significant difference between the two groups at baseline (p > 0.05). Females were submitted significantly more to deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK) in comparison with males (26.5 vs. 15.7%, p < 0.01). We were able to include 57.4% of the original keratoplasties for our follow-up data analysis. Male sex and penetrating keratoplasty (PK) were associated significantly with increased risk for graft failure in KC transplantation at the end of follow-up (p < 0.05). The mean follow-up of transplanted patients was similar in both groups.
conclusionKeratoconus is the most transplanted corneal disease in Southern Brazil and globally. Studies in Africa, Asia, Europe and North America also showed gender differences in KC patients submitted to keratoplasty. We found that men were transplanted in a 1.9 male/female ratio and at an earlier age than women. At final follow-up, male sex and PK were risk factors associated with increased graft failure. It is essential to broaden the hormonal and genetic investigations to elucidate why keratoconic males have undergone more keratoplasties and have more secondary failure than females.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.