ArticleBMC infectious diseases2017
Evaluation of HIV-DNA and inflammatory markers in HIV-infected individuals with different viral load patterns.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- The effects of antiretroviral therapy initiation time on HIV reservoir size in Chinese chronically HIV infected patients: a prospective, multi-site cohort study.BMC infectious diseases · 2019Trial
- Community Resilience Estimates and HIV Health Outcomes: Insights from the CNICS Cohort.AIDS and behavior · 2026Observational
- Dynamic changes of monocytes-related immune activation in people with HIV switching to long-acting injectable cabotegravir plus rilpivirine.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- No associations between HIV reservoir and inflammation in long-term virally suppressed dolutegravir-based ART-treated individuals.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Dynamics of Low-Level Viremia and Immune Activation after Switching to a Darunavir-Based Regimen.Viruses · 2024Observational
- Learning from Persistent Viremia: Mechanisms and Implications for Clinical Care and HIV-1 Cure.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2023Review
- Article
- Impact of the first-line antiretroviral therapy on soluble markers of inflammation in cohort of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in Moroccan patients: a prospective study.Archives of microbiology · 2023Article
- Incomplete Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence Is Associated with Lower CD4-CD8 Ratio in Virally Suppressed Patients with HIV Infection in Mexico.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2023Article
- The Many Faces of Immune Activation in HIV-1 Infection: A Multifactorial Interconnection.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Long-term Evaluation of Residual Viremia in a Clinical Trial of Dolutegravir Plus Lamivudine as Maintenance Treatment for Participants With and Without Prior Lamivudine Resistance.Open forum infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Quantification of Total HIV DNA as a Marker to Measure Viral Reservoir: Methods and Potential Implications for Clinical Practice.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Persistent low-Level viremia in persons living with HIV undertreatment: An unresolved status.Virulence · 2021Review
- Advanced baseline immunosuppression is associated with elevated levels of plasma markers of fungal translocation and inflammation in long-term treated HIV-infected Tanzanians.AIDS research and therapy · 2021Article
- All-Cause Mortality and Serious Non-AIDS Events in Adults With Low-level Human Immunodeficiency Virus Viremia During Combination Antiretroviral Therapy: Results From a Swedish Nationwide Observational Study.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2021Observational
- Association of Incomplete Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy With Cardiovascular Events and Mortality in Virologically Suppressed Persons With HIV: The Swiss HIV Cohort Study.Open forum infectious diseases · 2021Article
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in HIV.Expert review of respiratory medicine · 2021Review
- Residual Viremia Is Linked to a Specific Immune Activation Profile in HIV-1-Infected Adults Under Efficient Antiretroviral Therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Blood-based inflammation biomarkers of neurocognitive impairment in people living with HIV.Journal of neurovirology · 2020Article
- Partial Normalization of Biomarkers of Inflammation and Immune Activation Among Virally Suppressed Men With HIV Infection and High ART Adherence.Open forum infectious diseases · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPersistent residual viremia (RV) and low grade inflammation and immune activation have been associated with non-AIDS defining events. The impact of persistent RV and HIV-DNA load on immune activation/inflammation remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to gain new insights into the relation between viremia, markers of inflammation and HIV-DNA levels.
methodsThree hundred and twenty-one HIV-infected patients were studied. A retrospective analysis of viremia values, prospectively collected for 48 months, was performed. Patients were separated into three groups: 113 TND (Target Not Detected, patients with sustained undetectable viremia); 113 RV (Residual Viremia, patients who had at least three detectable viral load (VL) values <37 copies/ml); 95 LLV (Low Level Viremia, patients with at least two VL values >37 but <200 copies/ml). HIV-DNA, TNF-α, IL-6 and sCD14 were analyzed.
resultsHIV-DNA, sCD14 and TNF-α were significantly lower in the TND group than in the RV and LLV groups. In addition, RV patients showed lower levels of HIV-DNA and sCD14 than LLV individuals. HIV-DNA load was not related to markers of inflammation. The ordinal logistic analysis showed that two independent variables were significantly associated with VL pattern: sCD14, HIV-DNA. In addition NRTIs plus NNRTIs and NRTIs plus PIs were negatively associated to VL pattern compared to INI-containing regimen.
conclusionsPersistent undetectable viremia was associated with lower levels of inflammatory markers and HIV-DNA. However, the lack of normalization of these biomarkers in the TND group and the fact that HIV-DNA load was not associated with inflammation strongly suggest that other mechanisms play a major role in maintaining inflammation over time.
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Registered trials
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