ArticlePloS one2017
Expression of IL-23/Th17-related cytokines in basal cell carcinoma and in the response to medical treatments.
Article in PloS one, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- The interplay between HPV, vaginal microbiota and host immunity in cervical carcinogenesis.Discover oncology · 2026Review
- The immune landscape of melanoma microenvironmental crosstalk.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Advances in Targeted and Immunotherapy for High-Risk Cutaneous Malignancies.Oncology research · 2026Review
- The IL-23/Th17 pathway inhibitors in the treatment of psoriasis and the risk of skin malignancies: a review.Postepy dermatologii i alergologii · 2024Review
- Immunotherapy in Basal Cell Carcinoma.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- The role of IL-22 in cancer.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2024Review
- Article
- Tissue adaptation of CD4 T lymphocytes in homeostasis and cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- The Immune Microenvironment in Basal Cell Carcinoma.Annals of dermatology · 2023Review
- Review
- Trial watch: an update of clinical advances in photodynamic therapy and its immunoadjuvant properties for cancer treatment.Oncoimmunology · 2023Article
- Matrix Effectors in the Pathogenesis of Keratinocyte-Derived Carcinomas.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Review
- Relationship between Th17 immune response and cancer.World journal of clinical oncology · 2021Review
- Patient-Derived Human Basal and Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma Tissues Display Apoptosis and Immunomodulation following Gas Plasma Exposure with a Certified Argon Jet.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- The transcriptional landscape analysis of basal cell carcinomas reveals novel signalling pathways and actionable targets.Life science alliance · 2021Article
- Current Perspectives on the Role of Matrix Metalloproteinases in the Pathogenesis of Basal Cell Carcinoma.Biomolecules · 2021Review
- Current Prospects for Treatment of Solid Tumors via Photodynamic, Photothermal, or Ionizing Radiation Therapies Combined with Immune Checkpoint Inhibition (A Review).Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Photodynamic Theranostics of Central Lung Cancer: Capabilities of Early Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Therapy (Review).Sovremennye tekhnologii v meditsine · 2021Review
- Recent Advances in Signaling Pathways Comprehension as Carcinogenesis Triggers in Basal Cell Carcinoma.Journal of clinical medicine · 2020Review
- IL-17 and its role in inflammatory, autoimmune, and oncological skin diseases: state of art.International journal of dermatology · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Several immune-related markers have been implicated in basal cell carcinoma (BCC) pathogenesis. The BCC inflammatory infiltrate is dominated by Th2 cytokines, suggesting a specific state of immunosuppression. In contrast, regressing BCC are characterized by a Th1 immune response with IFN-γ promoting a tumor suppressive activity. IL-23/Th17-related cytokines, as interleukin (IL)-17, IL-23 and IL-22, play a significant role in cutaneous inflammatory diseases, but their involvement in skin carcinogenesis is controversial and is poorly investigated in BCC. In this study we investigated the expression of IFN-γ, IL-17, IL-23 and IL-22 cytokines in BCC at the protein and mRNA level and their modulation during imiquimod (IMQ) treatment or photodynamic therapy (PDT). IFN-γ, IL-17, IL-23 and IL-22 levels were evaluated by immunohistochemistry and quantitative Real Time PCR in 41 histopathologically-proven BCCs (28 superficial and 13 nodular) from 39 patients. All BCC samples were analyzed at baseline and 19 of 41 also during medical treatment (9 with IMQ 5% cream and 10 with MAL-PDT). Association between cytokines expression and clinico-pathological variables was evaluated. Higher levels of IFN-γ, IL-17, IL-23 and IL-22 were found in BCCs, mainly in the peritumoral infiltrate, compared to normal skin, with the expression being correlated to the severity of the inflammatory infiltrate. IFN-γ production was higher in superficial BCCs compared to nodular BCCs, while IL-17 was increased in nodular BCCs. A significant correlation was found between IFN-γ and IL-17 expression with both cytokines expressed by CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells. An increase of all cytokines occurred during the inflammatory phase induced by IMQ and at the early time point of PDT treatment, with significant evidence for IFN-γ, IL-23, and IL-22. Our results confirm the role of IFN-γ and support the involvement of IL-23/Th17-related cytokines in BCC pathogenesis and in the inflammatory response during IMQ and MAL-PDT treatments.
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