ArticlePharmaceutical medicine2017
Defining biological subsets in systemic lupus erythematosus: progress toward personalized therapy.
Article in Pharmaceutical medicine, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- Enpatoran in COVID-19 pneumonia: Safety and efficacy results from a phase II randomized trial.Clinical and translational science · 2023Trial
- Applications of artificial intelligence in systemic lupus erythematosus: integrating multi-omics data for precision medicine.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Towards precision medicine for systemic lupus erythematosus and neuropsychiatric manifestations.Expert review of precision medicine and drug development · 2025Article
- Efficacy and Safety of Rituximab Therapy for Lupus Nephritis Among SLE Female Patients; a Retrospective Hospital-Based Study.Open access rheumatology : research and reviews · 2022Article
- Type I interferon antagonists in clinical development for lupus.Expert opinion on investigational drugs · 2020Review
- Glycosphingolipid-associated β-1,4 galactosyltransferase is elevated in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.Lupus science & medicine · 2020Observational
- Lessons from precision medicine in rheumatology.Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) · 2020Review
- Type I Interferon Predicts an Alternate Immune System Phenotype in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.ACR open rheumatology · 2019Article
- New Trials in Lupus and where Are we Going.Current rheumatology reports · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a heterogeneous disease with respect to disease severity, response to treatment, and organ damage. The pathogenesis of SLE includes immunological mechanisms which are driven by both genetic and environmental factors. There are clear differences in the pathogenesis of SLE between patients of different ancestral backgrounds, including differences in genetic risk factors, immunological parameters, and clinical manifestations. Patients with high vs. low levels of type I interferon (IFN) in circulation represents one major biological subset within SLE, and these two groups of patients are present in all ancestral backgrounds. Genetic factors, autoantibodies, and levels of other cytokines all differ between high and low IFN patients. This distinction has also been important in predicting response to treatment with anti-type I IFN therapies, providing a precedent in SLE for biological subsets predicting treatment response. This review will highlight some recent developments in defining biological subsets of SLE based on disease pathophysiology, and the idea that improved knowledge of disease heterogeneity will inform our efforts to personalize therapy in this disease.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.