Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28824615›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in immunology2017

Bivalent Llama Single-Domain Antibody Fragments against Tumor Necrosis Factor Have Picomolar Potencies due to Intramolecular Interactions.

Els Beirnaert, Aline Desmyter, Silvia Spinelli, Marc Lauwereys, Lucien Aarden, Torsten Dreier, Remy Loris, Karen Silence, Caroline Pollet, Christian Cambillau and 1 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
55citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
4.5field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

55 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 86 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Trial
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. BoltzGen: Toward Universal Binder Design.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Improving the production and stability of nanobodies.Protein engineering, design & selection : PEDS · 2025
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Review
  16. Next-Generation Anti-TNFα Agents: The Example of Ozoralizumab.BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy · 2024
    Review
  17. Article
  18. A molecular toolkit for heterologous protein secretion acrossbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.

Els BeirnaertAblynx NV, Ghent, Belgium.
Aline DesmyterArchitecture et Fonction des Macromolécules Biologiques, Aix-Marseille Université, Campus de Luminy, Marseille, France.
Silvia SpinelliArchitecture et Fonction des Macromolécules Biologiques, Aix-Marseille Université, Campus de Luminy, Marseille, France.
Marc LauwereysAblynx NV, Ghent, Belgium.
Lucien AardenDepartment of Immunopathology, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Torsten DreierAblynx NV, Ghent, Belgium.
Remy LorisStructural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.
Karen SilenceAblynx NV, Ghent, Belgium.
Caroline PolletAblynx NV, Ghent, Belgium.
Christian CambillauArchitecture et Fonction des Macromolécules Biologiques, Aix-Marseille Université, Campus de Luminy, Marseille, France.
Hans de HaardAblynx NV, Ghent, Belgium.
Ablynx (Belgium) · BECentre National de la Recherche Scientifique · FRArchitecture et Fonction des Macromolécules Biologiques · FRSanquin · NLVrije Universiteit Brussel · BE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The activity of tumor necrosis factor (TNF), a cytokine involved in inflammatory pathologies, can be inhibited by antibodies or trap molecules. Herein, llama-derived variable heavy-chain domains of heavy-chain antibody (VHH, also called Nanobodies™) were generated for the engineering of bivalent constructs, which antagonize the binding of TNF to its receptors with picomolar potencies. Three monomeric VHHs (VHH#1, VHH#2, and VHH#3) were characterized in detail and found to bind TNF with sub-nanomolar affinities. The crystal structures of the TNF-VHH complexes demonstrate that VHH#1 and VHH#2 share the same epitope, at the center of the interaction area of TNF with its TNFRs, while VHH#3 binds to a different, but partially overlapping epitope. These structures rationalize our results obtained with bivalent constructs in which two VHHs were coupled

Indexed as

crystal structurecytokineinflammationintramolecular bindingnanobodytumor necrosis factorVHH

Identifiers

PMID28824615
PMCPMC5534440
OpenAlexW2742103419

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.