ArticleBMJ open2017
Post-traumatic stress disorder in adult victims of cluster munitions in Lebanon: a 10-year longitudinal study.
Article in BMJ open, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mental health amidst chronic crises: the case of Arab countries from the Middle East.Conflict and health · 2026Review
- Post-traumatic stress disorder and its associated factors among internally displaced people due to conflict in Northwest Ethiopia.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Magnitude and factors associated with post-traumatic stress disorder among war-affected internally displaced people in northwest Ethiopia, 2022.SAGE open medicine · 2024Article
- Findings From the World Mental Health Surveys of Civil Violence Exposure and Its Association With Subsequent Onset and Persistence of Mental Disorders.JAMA network open · 2023Article
- The Relationship Between Spirituality and Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms in Syrian Adolescents in Jordan.Journal of child & adolescent trauma · 2022Article
- Rate and correlates of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) following the Beirut blast and the economic crisis among Lebanese University students: a cross-sectional study.BMC psychiatry · 2022Article
- About Six in Ten Survivors of the November 2020 Maikadra Massacre Suffer from Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Northwest Ethiopia.Psychology research and behavior management · 2022Article
- Long-term impact of COVID-19 associated acute respiratory distress syndrome.The Journal of infection · 2021Article
- Evaluating the Effectiveness of an E-Mental Health Intervention for People Living in Lebanon: Protocol for Two Randomized Controlled Trials.JMIR research protocols · 2021Article
- Health worries, life satisfaction, and social well-being concerns during the COVID-19 pandemic: Insights from Lebanon.PloS one · 2021Article
- Probing the Colorectal Cancer Incidence in Lebanon: an 11-Year Epidemiological Study.Journal of gastrointestinal cancer · 2020Article
- Trauma exposure, PTSD symptoms, and tobacco use: Does church attendance buffer negative effects?Journal of community psychology · 2020Article
- Medical schools in times of war: Integrating conflict medicine in medical education.Surgical neurology international · 2020Article
- Cluster munitions: military use and civilian health hazards.Bulletin of the World Health Organization · 2018Article
- Sport and exercise medicine research activity in the Arab world: a 15-year bibliometric analysis.BMJ open sport & exercise medicine · 2017Article
- A Generation at Risk: The Impacts of Lebanon's Escalating Humanitarian Crisis on Children.Frontiers in public healthArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThis study aims to explore the short-term and long-term prevalence and effects of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among victims of cluster munitions. DESIGN AND
settingA prospective 10-year longitudinal study that took place in Lebanon.
participantsTwo-hundred-and-forty-four Lebanese civilian victims of submunition blasts, who were injured in 2006 and were over 18 years old, were interviewed. Included were participants who had been diagnosed with PTSD according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition (DSM-5) and the PTSD Checklist - Civilian Version in 2006. Interviewees were present for the 10-year follow-up.
main outcome measuresPTSD prevalence rates of participants in 2006 and 2016 were compared. Analysis of the demographical data pertaining to the association of long-term PTSD with other variables was performed. p Values <0.05 were considered statistically significant for all analyses (95% CI).
resultsAll the 244 civilians injured by cluster munitions in 2006 responded, and were present for long-term follow-up in 2016. The prevalence of PTSD decreased significantly from 98% to 43% after 10 years (p<0.001). A lower long-term prevalence was significantly associated with male sex (p<0.001), family support (p<0.001) and religion (p<0.001). Hospitalisation (p=0.005) and severe functional impairment (p<0.001) post-trauma were significantly associated with increased prevalence of long-term PTSD. Symptoms of negative cognition and mood were more common in the long run. In addition, job instability was the most frequent socioeconomic repercussion among the participants (88%).
conclusionsPsychological symptoms, especially PTSD, remain high in war-affected populations many years after the war; this is particularly evident for Lebanese civilians who were victimised by cluster munitions. Screening programmes and psychological interventions need to be implemented in vulnerable populations exposed to war traumas. Officials and public health advocates should consider the socioeconomic implications, and help raise awareness against the harm induced by cluster munitions and similar weaponry.
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