Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28819351›Full record

ArticleSemantic web2017

A Systematic Analysis of Term Reuse and Term Overlap across Biomedical Ontologies.

Maulik R Kamdar, Tania Tudorache, Mark A Musen

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Semantic web, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
21citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

21 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Enhancing diagnostic precision for rare diseases using case-based reasoning.Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. CMAT: ClinVar Mapping and Annotation Toolkit.Bioinformatics advances · 2024
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. BiOnIC: A Catalog of User Interactions with Biomedical Ontologies.The semantic Web--ISWC ... : ... International Semantic Web Conference ... proceedings. International Semantic Web Conference · 2017
    Article
  16. Review
  17. An empirical analysis of ontology reuse in BioPortal.Journal of biomedical informatics · 2017
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Maulik R KamdarStanford Center for Biomedical Informatics Research, Department of Medicine, Stanford University.
Tania TudoracheStanford Center for Biomedical Informatics Research, Department of Medicine, Stanford University.
Mark A MusenStanford Center for Biomedical Informatics Research, Department of Medicine, Stanford University.

Funding

Collaborative Development of Biomedical Ontologies and TerminologiesR01GM086587 · NIGMS · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI MUSEN, MARK A · 2009 to 2016
$4.1M
Protege: An Ontology-Development Platform for Biomedical ScientistsR01GM103316 · NIGMS · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI MUSEN, MARK A · 2013 to 2016
$2.1M
NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM086587NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM103316
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Reusing ontologies and their terms is a principle and best practice that most ontology development methodologies strongly encourage. Reuse comes with the promise to support the semantic interoperability and to reduce engineering costs. In this paper, we present a descriptive study of the current extent of term reuse and overlap among biomedical ontologies. We use the corpus of biomedical ontologies stored in the BioPortal repository, and analyze different types of reuse and overlap constructs. While we find an approximate term overlap between 25-31%, the term reuse is only <9%, with most ontologies reusing fewer than 5% of their terms from a small set of popular ontologies. Clustering analysis shows that the terms reused by a common set of ontologies have >90% semantic similarity, hinting that ontology developers tend to reuse terms that are sibling or parent-child nodes. We validate this finding by analysing the logs generated from a Protégé plugin that enables developers to reuse terms from BioPortal. We find most reuse constructs were 2-level subtrees on the higher levels of the class hierarchy. We developed a Web application that visualizes reuse dependencies and overlap among ontologies, and that proposes similar terms from BioPortal for a term of interest. We also identified a set of error patterns that indicate that ontology developers did intend to reuse terms from other ontologies, but that they were using different and sometimes incorrect representations. Our results stipulate the need for semi-automated tools that augment term reuse in the ontology engineering process through personalized recommendations.

Indexed as

Biomedical DomainComposite MappingsDescriptive StudyOntologiesTerm OverlapTerm ReuseVisualization

Identifiers

PMID28819351
PMCPMC5555235

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.