Observational studyBritish journal of cancer2017
Sitting, physical activity, and serum oestrogen metabolism in postmenopausal women: the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study.
Observational study in British journal of cancer, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Metabolomic profiles of being physically active and less sedentary: a critical review.Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society · 2021Pooled it
- The Effects of Diet and Exercise on Endogenous Estrogens and Subsequent Breast Cancer Risk in Postmenopausal Women.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2021Pooled it
- Sex hormone changes in a 24-mo dietary and physical activity randomized intervention trial in postmenopausal females: the Diet, physical Activity and Mammography study (DAMA) study.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2025Trial
- Metabolomic signatures connect and mediate sedentary time-driven mortality risk in patients with cardiovascular disease.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2026Article
- The impact of exercise on women's health: A bibliometric and visualization analysis (2010-2024).Medicine · 2025Article
- Lifestyle-Based Approaches to Cancer Prevention and Treatment: Diet, Physical Activity, and Integrative Strategies.Pathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology · 2025Review
- Weight-centric prevention of cancer.Obesity pillars · 2024Review
- Article
- Cancer Prevention and Treatment Based on Lifestyles.Cancer treatment and research · 2024Review
- Association between leisure sedentary behaviour and uterine fibroids in non-menopausal women: a population-based study.BMJ open · 2023Article
- Aerobic, muscle-strengthening, and flexibility physical activity and risks of all-cause and cause-specific mortality: a population-based prospective cohort of Korean adults.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Recreational Physical Activity, Sitting, and Androgen Metabolism among Postmenopausal Women in the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2022Observational
- Prolonged sitting time links to subclinical atherosclerosis.Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA · 2022Article
- Occupational sedentary behavior and prediction of proteinuria in young to middle-aged adults: a retrospective cohort study.Journal of nephrology · 2021Article
- Mechanistic Targets and Nutritionally Relevant Intervention Strategies to Break Obesity-Breast Cancer Links.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2021Review
- Association between single nucleotide polymorphisms in the programmed cell death 6 gene and the risk of endometrial cancer in Chinese Han women.International journal of clinical and experimental pathology · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors at 9 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundProlonged sitting and lower levels of physical activity have been associated with increased levels of parent oestrogens (oestrone and oestradiol), the key hormones in female cancers, in postmenopausal women. However, it is unknown whether sitting and physical activity are associated with circulating oestrogen metabolite levels.
methodsAmong 1804 postmenopausal women enrolled in the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study, 15 serum oestrogens/oestrogen metabolites were quantified using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Physical activity and sitting were self-reported via questionnaire. Using baseline, cross-sectional data, geometric means (GM) of oestrogens/oestrogen metabolites (pmol l
resultsLonger time spent sitting (⩾10 vs ⩽5h per day) was associated with higher levels of unconjugated oestrone, independent of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity and body mass index, among both never/former (GM=70.6 vs 57.7) and current MHT users (GM=242 vs 179) (P-trend ⩽0.03). Among never/former MHT users, sitting (⩾10 vs ⩽5h per day) was positively associated with 2-methoxyestradiol (GM=16.4 vs 14.4) and 4-methoxyestradiol (GM=2.36 vs 1.98) (P-trend ⩽0.04), independent of parent oestrogens. Inverse associations between moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity (⩾15 vs 0 metabolic equivalent task-hours per week) and parent oestrogens were found as expected. After adjustment for parent oestrogens, physical activity was not associated with oestrogen metabolites.
conclusionsOur data suggest that prolonged sitting and lower moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity are associated with higher levels of postmenopausal oestrogens/oestrogen metabolites, the oestrogen metabolism patterns that have previously been associated with higher endometrial and breast cancer risk.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.