ReviewInternational journal of nanomedicine2017
Polyethylenimine-based micro/nanoparticles as vaccine adjuvants.
Review in International journal of nanomedicine, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 43 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 117 citations in OpenAlex.
- Advances in Polyethyleneimine-Derived Nanoformulations.Small science · 2026Review
- Nanomaterial-Enabled Modulation of Tumor-Associated Macrophages and Dendritic Cells to Enhance Cancer Immunotherapy.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Working towards a single-dose vaccine for rabies post-exposure prophylaxis.Future virology · 2026Article
- Overcoming barriers in primary bone cancer: Nanomaterial-enabled immunotherapy.Materials today. Bio · 2025Review
- The Role of Dendritic Cells in Adaptive Immune Response Induced by OVA/PDDA Nanoparticles.Vaccines · 2025Article
- Polyethylenimine-Conjugated Au-NPs as an Efficient Vehicle for in vitro and in vivo DNA Vaccine Delivery.International journal of nanomedicine · 2025Article
- Article
- PEI-Engineered Lipid@PLGA Hybrid Nanoparticles for Multimodal Delivery of Antigens and Immune Adjuvants to the Respiratory Mucosa.Advanced healthcare materials · 2024Article
- Review
- Tailoring biomaterials for vaccine delivery.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2024Review
- DNA vaccines as promising immuno-therapeutics against cancer: a new insight.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Review
- Endogenous/Exogenous Nanovaccines Synergistically Enhance Dendritic Cell-Mediated Tumor Immunotherapy.Advanced healthcare materials · 2023Article
- Acceleration in healing of infected full-thickness wound with novel antibacterial γ-AlOOH-based nanocomposites.Progress in biomaterials · 2023Article
- A mannosylated polymer with endosomal release properties for peptide antigen delivery.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2023Article
- Motion lubrication suppressed mechanical activation via hydrated fibrous gene patch for tendon healing.Science advances · 2023Article
- Cytokine Therapy Combined with Nanomaterials Participates in Cancer Immunotherapy.Pharmaceutics · 2022Review
- Nanoparticle-Based Delivery Systems for Vaccines.Vaccines · 2022Review
- Cationic Polyethyleneimine (PEI)-Gold Nanocomposites Modulate Macrophage Activation and Reprogram Mouse Breast Triple-Negative MET-1 Tumor Immunological Microenvironment.Pharmaceutics · 2022Article
- Development of Multilayer Nanoparticles for the Delivery of Peptide-Based Subunit Vaccine against Group APharmaceutics · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Vaccines have shown great success in treating and preventing tumors and infections, while adjuvants are always demanded to ensure potent immune responses. Polyethylenimine (PEI), as one of the well-studied cationic polymers, has been used as a transfection reagent for decades. However, increasing evidence has shown that PEI-based particles are also capable of acting as adjuvants. In this paper, we briefly review the physicochemical properties and the broad applications of PEI in different fields, and elaborate on the intracellular processes of PEI-based vaccines. In addition, we sum up the proof of their in vivo and clinical applications. We also highlight some mechanisms proposed for the intrinsic immunoactivation function of PEI, followed by the challenges and future perspectives of the applications of PEI in the vaccines, as well as some strategies to elicit the desirable immune responses.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.