ArticleMolecular biology of the cell2017
Monoubiquitination of syntaxin 3 leads to retrieval from the basolateral plasma membrane and facilitates cargo recruitment to exosomes.
Article in Molecular biology of the cell, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Coro1a promotes the multivesicular body and plasma membrane fusion by facilitating PKM2-mediated SNAP-23 phosphorylation.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Dysregulated Polarized Secretion of Small Extracellular Vesicles in the Retinal Pigment Epithelium: Mechanisms and Pathological Roles in Age-Related Macular Degeneration.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Review
- BBSome-Mediated Clearance of Ubiquitinated IMPG2 Defines a Constitutive Ciliary Retrieval Pathway in Photoreceptors.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Molecular mechanisms and pathological implications of unconventional protein secretion in human disease: from cellular stress to therapeutic targeting.Molecular biology reports · 2025Review
- Macrophage-driven exosomes regulate the progression of cardiovascular disease.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- The ins-and-outs of exosome biogenesis, secretion, and internalization.Trends in cell biology · 2024Review
- siRNA screening reveals that SNAP29 contributes to exosome release.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2023Article
- Exosomes and ultrasound: The future of theranostic applications.Materials today. Bio · 2023Review
- Review
- Exosome biogenesis: machinery, regulation, and therapeutic implications in cancer.Molecular cancer · 2022Review
- Engineering of MSC-Derived Exosomes: A Promising Cell-Free Therapy for Osteoarthritis.Membranes · 2022Review
- The TGN/EE SNARE protein SYP61 and the ubiquitin ligase ATL31 cooperatively regulate plant responses to carbon/nitrogen conditions in Arabidopsis.The Plant cell · 2022Article
- Tumor-derived exosomes in hypoxic microenvironment: release mechanism, biological function and clinical application.Journal of Cancer · 2022Review
- Small Extracellular Vesicles: A Novel Avenue for Cancer Management.Frontiers in oncology · 2021Review
- The HScientific reports · 2020Article
- Gene Editing by Extracellular Vesicles.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Article
- Transcytosis maintains CFTR apical polarity in the face of constitutive and mutation-induced basolateral missorting.Journal of cell science · 2019Article
- Design strategies and application progress of therapeutic exosomes.Theranostics · 2019Review
- Tracking Endocytosis and Intracellular Trafficking of Epitope-tagged Syntaxin 3 by Antibody Feeding in Live, Polarized MDCK Cells.Bio-protocol · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Syntaxin 3 (Stx3), a SNARE protein located and functioning at the apical plasma membrane of epithelial cells, is required for epithelial polarity. A fraction of Stx3 is localized to late endosomes/lysosomes, although how it traffics there and its function in these organelles is unknown. Here we report that Stx3 undergoes monoubiquitination in a conserved polybasic domain. Stx3 present at the basolateral-but not the apical-plasma membrane is rapidly endocytosed, targeted to endosomes, internalized into intraluminal vesicles (ILVs), and excreted in exosomes. A nonubiquitinatable mutant of Stx3 (Stx3-5R) fails to enter this pathway and leads to the inability of the apical exosomal cargo protein GPRC5B to enter the ILV/exosomal pathway. This suggests that ubiquitination of Stx3 leads to removal from the basolateral membrane to achieve apical polarity, that Stx3 plays a role in the recruitment of cargo to exosomes, and that the Stx3-5R mutant acts as a dominant-negative inhibitor. Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) acquires its membrane in an intracellular compartment and we show that Stx3-5R strongly reduces the number of excreted infectious viral particles. Altogether these results suggest that Stx3 functions in the transport of specific proteins to apical exosomes and that HCMV exploits this pathway for virion excretion.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.