ArticlePloS one2017
Maternal and fetal risk factors for stillbirth in Northern Tanzania: A registry-based retrospective cohort study.
Article in PloS one, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 48 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
48 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 83 citations in OpenAlex.
- Perinatal mortality in eastern Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis.International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 2026Pooled it
- The rate of stillbirth and its associated factors in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Pooled it
- The factors associated with stillbirths among sub-saharan African deliveries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2023Pooled it
- Gestational diabetes and stillbirth: a systematic review and meta-analysis.EClinicalMedicine · 2026Article
- PANDA e-health system as a tool to increase antenatal contacts and improve perinatal outcomes in Tanzania: adaptation and feasibility study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
- Verbal Information From Parents About Stillbirth: The VIPS Study (Phase One).The Australian & New Zealand journal of obstetrics & gynaecology · 2025Article
- Prevalence and associated factors of stillbirth among women at extreme ages of reproductive life in Sub-Saharan Africa: a multilevel analysis of the recent demographic and health survey.Maternal health, neonatology and perinatology · 2025Article
- Maternal occupation and risk of adverse fetal outcomes in Tanzania: A hospital-based cross-sectional study.PloS one · 2025Article
- Predictors of perinatal mortality in the seven major hospitals of Lusaka Zambia: A case control study.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- The effect of maternal age on still birth in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Health science reports · 2024Article
- Stillbirth rate and associated factors at the Bamenda Regional hospital, North-West region, Cameroon, from 2018 to 2022: a case control study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2024Article
- Proportion of stillbirth and associated factors among women who deliver at public hospitals in Bahir Dar city, north-West Ethiopia.BMC women's health · 2024Article
- Incidence and determinants of perinatal mortality in five urban hospitals in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania: a cohort study with an embedded case-control analysis.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2024Article
- Factors associated with perinatal and neonatal deaths in Sao Tome & Principe: a prospective cohort study.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2024Article
- Determinants of stillbirth among women who delivered in hospitals of North Wollo Zone, Northeast Ethiopia: A case-control study.PloS one · 2024Article
- Perinatal loss in Tanzania: Perspectives of maternal-child healthcare providers.PLOS global public health · 2024Article
- Neonatal mortalities without detected risk factors before birth at Mtendeli hospital, Tanzania: a cross-sectional study.The Pan African medical journal · 2024Article
- Risk factors of stillbirths in four district hospitals on Pemba Island, Tanzania: a prospective cohort study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2023Article
- Modeling clinical and non-clinical determinants of intrapartum stillbirths in singletons in six public hospitals in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana: a case-control study.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Timing of perinatal death; causes, circumstances, and regional variations among reviewed deaths in Ethiopia.PloS one · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundStillbirth is a major cause of perinatal mortality and occurs disproportionately in developing countries including Tanzania. However, there is scant information regarding the predictors of this condition in Tanzania. This study aimed to determine maternal and fetal risk factors for stilbirth in northen Tanzania. METHODOLOGY: A retrospective cohort study was performed using maternally-linked data from the Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre birth registry. A total of 47681 women who had singleton delivery at KCMC between 2000 and 2014 were analyzed. Women with multiple gestations were excluded. Descriptive statistics were summarized using proportions and frequency. Chi-square test was used to determine risk factors for stillbirth in bivariate analysis. A multivariable regression model was used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (AOR) with 95% confidence intervals for maternal and fetal factors associated with stillbirth. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
resultsThe frequency of stillbirth was 3.5%. Pre-eclampsia (AOR 3.99; 95% CI: 3.31-4.81) and placental abruption (AOR 22.62; 95% CI: 15.41-33.19) were the strongest maternal risk factors associated with still birth. While non-cephalic presentation (AOR 6.05; 95% CI: 4.77-7.66) and low birth weight (AOR 9.66; 95%CI: 8.66-10.77) were the fetal factors with the greatest impact on stillbirth.
conclusionThe rate of stillbirth in our study was consistent with past studies of developing countries. Numerous maternal and fetal factors risk factors were identified. Early identification of at risk pregnancies and appropriate intervention may help to reduce the occurrence of stillbirth.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.