ArticlePloS one2017
ET-26 hydrochloride (ET-26 HCl) has similar hemodynamic stability to that of etomidate in normal and uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock (UHS) rats.
Article in PloS one, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pharmacokinetics, safety, and pharmacodynamics of intravenous methoxyethyl etomidate hydrochloride (ET-26-HCl) in Chinese participants with hepatic impairment.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Trial
- Propofol attenuates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion-mediated neuronal apoptosis and oxidative damage by regulating the miR-6838-5p/AQP11 axis.Archives of medical science : AMS · 2026Article
- Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, and Safety of ET-26 in Subjects with Mild to Moderate Renal Impairment.Drugs in R&D · 2025Article
- Review
- The pharmacokinetics and Concentration-QTc analysis of a new etomidate analog ET-26-HCl: a phase I trial in healthy Chinese subjects.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Recent progress in the development of etomidate analogues.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Comparative study of the pharmacokinetics, efficacy and safety of ET-26 in elderly and non-elderly subjects: the results of a phase I clinical trial.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- What's New in Intravenous Anaesthesia? New Hypnotics, New Models and New Applications.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
- The preclinical pharmacological study of a novel intravenous anesthetic, ET-26 hydrochloride, in aged rats.PeerJ · 2022Article
- Etomidate and its Analogs: A Review of Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2021Review
- Safety Pharmacology Study of ET-26 Hydrochloride, a Potential Drug for Intravenous General Anesthesia, in Rats and Beagle Dogs.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Article
- High-Loading Self-Assembling Peptide Nanoparticles as a Lipid-Free Carrier for Hydrophobic General Anesthetics.International journal of nanomedicine · 2021Article
- The etomidate analog ET-26 HCl retains superior myocardial performance: Comparisons with etomidate in vivo and in vitro.PloS one · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveET-26 HCl is a promising sedative-hypnotic anesthetic with virtually no effect on adrenocortical steroid synthesis. However, whether or not ET-26 HCl also has a sufficiently wide safety margin and hemodynamic stability similar to that of etomidate and related compounds remains unknown. In this study, the effects of ET-26 HCl, etomidate and propofol on therapeutic index, heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), maximal rate for left ventricular pressure rise (Dmax/t), and maximal rate for left ventricular pressure decline (Dmin/t) were investigated in healthy rats and a rat model of uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock (UHS).
methods50% effective dose (ED50) and 50% lethal dose (LD50) were determined after single bolus doses of propofol, etomidate, or ET-26 HCl using the Bliss method and the up and down method, respectively. All rats were divided into either the normal group and received either etomidate, ET-26 HCl or propofol, (n = 6 per group) or the UHS group and received either etomidate, ET-26 HCl or propofol, (n = 6 per group). In the normal group, after preparation for hemodynamic and heart-function monitoring, rats were administered a dose of one of the test agents twofold-higher than the established ED50, followed by hemodynamic and heart-function monitoring. Rats in the UHS group underwent experimentally induced UHS with a target arterial pressure of 40 mmHg for 1 hour, followed by administration of an ED50 dose of one of the experimental agents. Blood-gas analysis was conducted on samples obtained during equilibration with the experimental setup and at the end of the experiment.
resultsIn the normal group, no significant differences in HR, MAP, Dmax/t and Dmin/t (all P > 0.05) were observed at any time point between the etomidate and ET-26 HCl groups, whereas HR, MAP and Dmax/t decreased briefly and Dmin/t increased following propofol administration. In the UHS group, no significant differences in HR, MAP, Dmax/t and Dmin/t were observed before and after administration of etomidate or ET-26 HCl at ED50 doses (all P > 0.05). Administration of propofol resulted in brief, statistically significant reductions in HR and Dmax/t, with a brief increase in Dmin/t (P ˂ 0.05), while no significant differences in MAP were observed among the three groups. The blood-lactate concentrations of rats in the ET-26 HCl group were significantly lower than those in etomidate and propofol groups (P ˂ 0.05).
conclusionsET-26 HCl provides a similar level of hemodynamic stability to that obtained with etomidate in both healthy rats, and rat models of UHS. ET-26 HCl has the potential to be a novel induction anesthetic for use in critically ill patients.
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