ArticleScientific reports2017
Age-related changes in crowding and reading speed.
Article in Scientific reports, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- Spatial extension of parafoveal processing predicts reading speed gain during reading acceleration.Journal of vision · 2026Article
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- The impact of amblyopia, reduced viewing conditions and binocular vision on reading ability: a narrative review.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Review
- Age-Related Changes in Mesopic Reading Vision Across Adulthood.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- Is the Normal Periphery in Young Adults a Good Model for Reading in the Presence of Central Vision Loss?Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- Visual acuities as measured with an automatic intelligent visual acuity chart projector and standard logarithmic visual acuity chart: a prospective comparative study.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Impact of Glaucomatous Ganglion Cell Damage on Central Visual Function.Annual review of vision science · 2024Review
- The Complexity of Reading Revealed by a Study with Healthy Older Adults.Brain sciences · 2024Article
- Could driving help us to "see better"? A comparative assessment of saccadic efficiency, visual speed, and attention.BMC ophthalmology · 2024Article
- Enhancing reading speed: the reading acceleration effect in Italian adult readers.Frontiers in psychology · 2024Article
- Altered Eye Movements During Reading With Simulated Central and Peripheral Visual Field Defects.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2023Article
- The effect of script reform on levels of orthographic knowledge: Evidence from alphasyllabary Malayalam scripts.PloS one · 2023Article
- Altered eye movements during reading under degraded viewing conditions: Background luminance, text blur, and text contrast.Journal of vision · 2022Article
- Foveal crowding appears to be robust to normal aging and glaucoma unlike parafoveal and peripheral crowding.Journal of vision · 2022Article
- Binocularly Asymmetric Crowding in Glaucoma and a Lack of Binocular Summation in Crowding.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2022Article
- The Effect of Claustrophobic Tendencies on Digital Spatial Preferences.Frontiers in psychology · 2022Article
- Functional Field of View Determined by Crowding, Aging, or Glaucoma Under Divided Attention.Translational vision science & technology · 2021Article
- A Unified Rule for Binocular Contrast Summation Applies to Normal Vision and Common Eye Diseases.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2021Article
- Changes of tuning but not dynamics of contrast adaptation with age.Vision research · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Crowding, the inability to recognize objects in clutter, is known to play a role in developmental changes in reading speed. Here, we investigated whether crowding also plays a role in age-related changes in reading speed. We recruited 18 young (mean age: 22.6 ± 3.5; range: 18~31) and 21 older adults (mean age: 58.2 ± 7.0; range: 50~73) with normal vision. Reading speed was measured with short blocks of text. The degree of crowding was determined by measuring crowding zone (the distance between a target and flankers required to yield a criterion recognition accuracy) and the size of the visual span (an uncrowded window in the visual field within which letters can be recognizable reliably). Measurements were made across the central 16-degree visual field using letter-recognition tasks. Our results showed that, compared to young adults, older adults exhibited significantly slower reading speed (a decrease by 30%) and larger crowding: an enlargement of crowding zone (an increase by 31%) and shrinkage of the visual span (a decrease by 6.25 bits). We also observed significant correlations between reading speed and each of the crowding measures. Our results suggest that crowding increases with age. Age-related changes in crowding may in part explain slower reading in older adults.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.