Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28811351›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of rheumatology2017

Content and Construct Validity, Reliability, and Responsiveness of the Rheumatoid Arthritis Flare Questionnaire: OMERACT 2016 Workshop Report.

Susan J Bartlett, Skye P Barbic, Vivian P Bykerk, Ernest H Choy, Rieke Alten, Robin Christensen, Alfons den Broeder, Bruno Fautrel, Daniel E Furst, Francis Guillemin and 9 more

Registry-linked trialAbstract readValidation Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of rheumatology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07245732 (STeroid Options for RA Management), which is not on this map. Cited by 24 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
24citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07245732 phase4recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

STeroid Options for RA Management (STORM-RA): Oral Versus Intramuscular Steroid Use to Control Rheumatoid Arthritis Flares: A Pragmatic Randomized Clinical Trial

TypeinterventionalSponsorSunnybrook Health Sciences CentreRan2026 to 2029Enrolled220ConditionsRheumatoid Arthritis (RA)ArmsGlucocorticoid (GC)
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

24 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. "From Where I Stand": using multiple anchors yields different benchmarks for meaningful improvement and worsening in the rheumatoid arthritis flare questionnaire (RA-FQ).Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2023
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Observational
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

19 authors.

Susan J BartlettFrom McGill University, Montreal, Quebec; University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York; University of California, Los Angeles; Healthy Motivation, Santa Barbara, California, USA; Cardiff University, Cardiff; University of the West of England, Bristol, UK; Schlosspark-Klinik University Medicine, Berlin, Germany; Parker Institute, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark; Sint Maartenskliniek, Nijmege; Vrije Universiteit (VU), Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Pierre et Marie Curie University, Paris; University of Lorraine, Lorraine, France; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia. susan.bartlett@mcgill.ca.
Skye P BarbicFrom McGill University, Montreal, Quebec; University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York; University of California, Los Angeles; Healthy Motivation, Santa Barbara, California, USA; Cardiff University, Cardiff; University of the West of England, Bristol, UK; Schlosspark-Klinik University Medicine, Berlin, Germany; Parker Institute, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark; Sint Maartenskliniek, Nijmege; Vrije Universiteit (VU), Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Pierre et Marie Curie University, Paris; University of Lorraine, Lorraine, France; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Vivian P BykerkFrom McGill University, Montreal, Quebec; University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York; University of California, Los Angeles; Healthy Motivation, Santa Barbara, California, USA; Cardiff University, Cardiff; University of the West of England, Bristol, UK; Schlosspark-Klinik University Medicine, Berlin, Germany; Parker Institute, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark; Sint Maartenskliniek, Nijmege; Vrije Universiteit (VU), Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Pierre et Marie Curie University, Paris; University of Lorraine, Lorraine, France; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Ernest H ChoyFrom McGill University, Montreal, Quebec; University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York; University of California, Los Angeles; Healthy Motivation, Santa Barbara, California, USA; Cardiff University, Cardiff; University of the West of England, Bristol, UK; Schlosspark-Klinik University Medicine, Berlin, Germany; Parker Institute, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark; Sint Maartenskliniek, Nijmege; Vrije Universiteit (VU), Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Pierre et Marie Curie University, Paris; University of Lorraine, Lorraine, France; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Rieke AltenFrom McGill University, Montreal, Quebec; University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York; University of California, Los Angeles; Healthy Motivation, Santa Barbara, California, USA; Cardiff University, Cardiff; University of the West of England, Bristol, UK; Schlosspark-Klinik University Medicine, Berlin, Germany; Parker Institute, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark; Sint Maartenskliniek, Nijmege; Vrije Universiteit (VU), Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Pierre et Marie Curie University, Paris; University of Lorraine, Lorraine, France; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Robin ChristensenFrom McGill University, Montreal, Quebec; University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York; University of California, Los Angeles; Healthy Motivation, Santa Barbara, California, USA; Cardiff University, Cardiff; University of the West of England, Bristol, UK; Schlosspark-Klinik University Medicine, Berlin, Germany; Parker Institute, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark; Sint Maartenskliniek, Nijmege; Vrije Universiteit (VU), Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Pierre et Marie Curie University, Paris; University of Lorraine, Lorraine, France; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Alfons den BroederFrom McGill University, Montreal, Quebec; University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York; University of California, Los Angeles; Healthy Motivation, Santa Barbara, California, USA; Cardiff University, Cardiff; University of the West of England, Bristol, UK; Schlosspark-Klinik University Medicine, Berlin, Germany; Parker Institute, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark; Sint Maartenskliniek, Nijmege; Vrije Universiteit (VU), Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Pierre et Marie Curie University, Paris; University of Lorraine, Lorraine, France; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Bruno FautrelFrom McGill University, Montreal, Quebec; University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York; University of California, Los Angeles; Healthy Motivation, Santa Barbara, California, USA; Cardiff University, Cardiff; University of the West of England, Bristol, UK; Schlosspark-Klinik University Medicine, Berlin, Germany; Parker Institute, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark; Sint Maartenskliniek, Nijmege; Vrije Universiteit (VU), Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Pierre et Marie Curie University, Paris; University of Lorraine, Lorraine, France; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Daniel E FurstFrom McGill University, Montreal, Quebec; University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York; University of California, Los Angeles; Healthy Motivation, Santa Barbara, California, USA; Cardiff University, Cardiff; University of the West of England, Bristol, UK; Schlosspark-Klinik University Medicine, Berlin, Germany; Parker Institute, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark; Sint Maartenskliniek, Nijmege; Vrije Universiteit (VU), Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Pierre et Marie Curie University, Paris; University of Lorraine, Lorraine, France; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Francis GuilleminFrom McGill University, Montreal, Quebec; University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York; University of California, Los Angeles; Healthy Motivation, Santa Barbara, California, USA; Cardiff University, Cardiff; University of the West of England, Bristol, UK; Schlosspark-Klinik University Medicine, Berlin, Germany; Parker Institute, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark; Sint Maartenskliniek, Nijmege; Vrije Universiteit (VU), Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Pierre et Marie Curie University, Paris; University of Lorraine, Lorraine, France; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Sarah HewlettFrom McGill University, Montreal, Quebec; University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York; University of California, Los Angeles; Healthy Motivation, Santa Barbara, California, USA; Cardiff University, Cardiff; University of the West of England, Bristol, UK; Schlosspark-Klinik University Medicine, Berlin, Germany; Parker Institute, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark; Sint Maartenskliniek, Nijmege; Vrije Universiteit (VU), Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Pierre et Marie Curie University, Paris; University of Lorraine, Lorraine, France; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Amye L LeongFrom McGill University, Montreal, Quebec; University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York; University of California, Los Angeles; Healthy Motivation, Santa Barbara, California, USA; Cardiff University, Cardiff; University of the West of England, Bristol, UK; Schlosspark-Klinik University Medicine, Berlin, Germany; Parker Institute, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark; Sint Maartenskliniek, Nijmege; Vrije Universiteit (VU), Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Pierre et Marie Curie University, Paris; University of Lorraine, Lorraine, France; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Anne LyddiattFrom McGill University, Montreal, Quebec; University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York; University of California, Los Angeles; Healthy Motivation, Santa Barbara, California, USA; Cardiff University, Cardiff; University of the West of England, Bristol, UK; Schlosspark-Klinik University Medicine, Berlin, Germany; Parker Institute, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark; Sint Maartenskliniek, Nijmege; Vrije Universiteit (VU), Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Pierre et Marie Curie University, Paris; University of Lorraine, Lorraine, France; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Lyn MarchFrom McGill University, Montreal, Quebec; University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York; University of California, Los Angeles; Healthy Motivation, Santa Barbara, California, USA; Cardiff University, Cardiff; University of the West of England, Bristol, UK; Schlosspark-Klinik University Medicine, Berlin, Germany; Parker Institute, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark; Sint Maartenskliniek, Nijmege; Vrije Universiteit (VU), Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Pierre et Marie Curie University, Paris; University of Lorraine, Lorraine, France; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Pamela MontieFrom McGill University, Montreal, Quebec; University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York; University of California, Los Angeles; Healthy Motivation, Santa Barbara, California, USA; Cardiff University, Cardiff; University of the West of England, Bristol, UK; Schlosspark-Klinik University Medicine, Berlin, Germany; Parker Institute, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark; Sint Maartenskliniek, Nijmege; Vrije Universiteit (VU), Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Pierre et Marie Curie University, Paris; University of Lorraine, Lorraine, France; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Christoph PohlFrom McGill University, Montreal, Quebec; University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York; University of California, Los Angeles; Healthy Motivation, Santa Barbara, California, USA; Cardiff University, Cardiff; University of the West of England, Bristol, UK; Schlosspark-Klinik University Medicine, Berlin, Germany; Parker Institute, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark; Sint Maartenskliniek, Nijmege; Vrije Universiteit (VU), Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Pierre et Marie Curie University, Paris; University of Lorraine, Lorraine, France; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Marieke Scholte VoshaarFrom McGill University, Montreal, Quebec; University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York; University of California, Los Angeles; Healthy Motivation, Santa Barbara, California, USA; Cardiff University, Cardiff; University of the West of England, Bristol, UK; Schlosspark-Klinik University Medicine, Berlin, Germany; Parker Institute, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark; Sint Maartenskliniek, Nijmege; Vrije Universiteit (VU), Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Pierre et Marie Curie University, Paris; University of Lorraine, Lorraine, France; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Thasia G WoodworthFrom McGill University, Montreal, Quebec; University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York; University of California, Los Angeles; Healthy Motivation, Santa Barbara, California, USA; Cardiff University, Cardiff; University of the West of England, Bristol, UK; Schlosspark-Klinik University Medicine, Berlin, Germany; Parker Institute, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark; Sint Maartenskliniek, Nijmege; Vrije Universiteit (VU), Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Pierre et Marie Curie University, Paris; University of Lorraine, Lorraine, France; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Clifton O BinghamFrom McGill University, Montreal, Quebec; University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York; University of California, Los Angeles; Healthy Motivation, Santa Barbara, California, USA; Cardiff University, Cardiff; University of the West of England, Bristol, UK; Schlosspark-Klinik University Medicine, Berlin, Germany; Parker Institute, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark; Sint Maartenskliniek, Nijmege; Vrije Universiteit (VU), Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Pierre et Marie Curie University, Paris; University of Lorraine, Lorraine, France; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.

Funding

Phenotype-Specific Immune Responses in the Systemic VasculitidesP30AR053503 · NIAMS · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI ROSEN, ANTONY · 2006 to 2015
$6.4M
Molecular Pathways in Treatment Response and Flare in RAUH2AR067691 · NIAMS · HOSPITAL FOR SPECIAL SURGERY · PI BYKERK, VIVIAN P, IVASHKIV, LIONEL B · 2014 to 2020
$2.0M
NIAMS NIH HHS P30 AR053503NIAMS NIH HHS UH2 AR067691
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThe Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) Flare Group was established to develop a reliable way to identify and measure RA flares in randomized controlled trials (RCT). Here, we summarized the development and field testing of the RA Flare Questionnaire (RA-FQ), and the voting results at OMERACT 2016.

methodsClassic and modern psychometric methods were used to assess reliability, validity, sensitivity, factor structure, scoring, and thresholds. Interviews with patients and clinicians also assessed content validity, utility, and meaningfulness of RA-FQ scores.

resultsPeople with RA in observational trials in Canada (n = 896) and France (n = 138), and an RCT in the Netherlands (n = 178) completed 5 items (11-point numerical rating scale) representing RA Flare core domains. There was moderate to high evidence of reliability, content and construct validity, and responsiveness. Factor analysis supported unidimensionality. Rasch analysis showed acceptable fit to the Rasch model, with items and people covering a broad measurement continuum and evidence of appropriate targeting of items to people, ordered thresholds, minimal differential item functioning by language, sex, or age. A summative score across items is defensible, yielding an interval score (0-50) where higher scores reflect worsening flare. The RA-FQ received endorsement from 88% of attendees that it passed the OMERACT Filter 2.0 "Eyeball Test" for instrument selection.

conclusionThe RA-FQ has been developed to identify and measure RA flares. Its review through OMERACT Filter 2.0 shows evidence of reliability, content and construct validity, and responsiveness. These properties merit its further validation as an outcome for clinical trials.

Indexed as

Pain MeasurementArthritis, RheumatoidHumansPsychometricsReproducibility of ResultsRheumatologySensitivity and SpecificitySeverity of Illness IndexSurveys and QuestionnairesSymptom AssessmentDISEASE EXACERBATIONOMERACTPATIENT-REPORTED OUTCOMERHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS

Identifiers

PMID28811351
PMCPMC6649670

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.