SynthesisInternational urology and nephrology2018
Elevated bilirubin levels and risk of developing chronic kidney disease: a dose-response meta-analysis and systematic review of cohort studies.
Synthesis in International urology and nephrology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Bilirubin levels and kidney function decline: An analysis of clinical trial and real world data.PloS one · 2022Trial
- Bilirubin bioconversion to urobilin in the gut-liver-kidney axis: A biomarker for insulin resistance in the Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic (CKM) Syndrome.Metabolism: clinical and experimental · 2025Review
- Serum bilirubin and kidney function: a Mendelian randomization study.Clinical kidney journal · 2022Article
- Intestinal dysbiosis featuring abundance of Streptococcus associates with Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis (IgA vasculitis with nephritis) in adult.BMC nephrology · 2022Article
- Serum Bilirubin Is Correlated With the Progression of IgA Vasculitis With Nephritis.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimsPrevious studies have indicated the link of bilirubin levels and risk of developing chronic kidney disease (CKD); however, the findings were inconsistent.
methodsWe searched for cohort studies examining bilirubin as an exposure and CKD as an outcome in the Medline, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases from inception through November 31, 2016. A generalized least-squares approach was applied to assess the dose-response relationship between them by pooling rate ratios with 95% confidence intervals. Subgroup analyses, sensitivity analysis, meta-regression, and publication bias were also conducted.
resultsSeven cohort studies with 1316 cases and 21,076 participants were identified for inclusion in the meta-analysis. The combined RR for the highest versus lowest bilirubin level was 0.36 (95% CI 0.19-0.68; P
conclusionThis meta-analysis suggests that elevated bilirubin level may be associated with decreased risk of developing CKD.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.