ArticleEuropean journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology2017
Faecal lactoferrin and calprotectin in patients with Clostridium difficile infection: a case-control study.
Article in European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04491799 (Fecal Calprotectin Level in Differentiating Between Inflammatory and Non-inflammatory Diarrhea in Patients With Nosocomial Diarrhea), which is not on this map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Fecal Calprotectin Level in Differentiating Between Inflammatory and Non-inflammatory Diarrhea in Patients With Nosocomial Diarrhea
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- The value of fecal calprotectin inFrontiers in physiology · 2022Pooled it
- Clostridioides difficile Near-Patient Testing Versus Centralized Testing: A Pragmatic Cluster Randomized Crossover Trial.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2023Trial
- A Randomised, Controlled Trial: Effect of a Multi-Strain Fermented Milk on the Gut Microbiota Recovery afterNutrients · 2021Trial
- Biomarkers for Early Severity Prediction inMedicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Review
- Sepsis associated with Clostridioides difficile infection carries similar mortality to sepsis of other origin: a propensity score-matched analysis.Scientific reports · 2026Observational
- Clostridioides difficile pathogenesis and control.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2026Review
- Diagnosis ofJournal of medical microbiology · 2024Review
- Review
- Fecal calprotectin in pediatric gastrointestinal diseases: Pros and cons.World journal of clinical pediatrics · 2024Article
- Predictive value of fecal calprotectin and lactoferrin levels for negative outcomes in Clostridioides difficile infection.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2024Article
- Diagnostic Guidance for C. difficile Infections.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2024Article
- Article
- Further Insights into the Gut Microbiota of Cow's Milk Allergic Infants: Analysis of Microbial Functionality and Its Correlation with Three Fecal Biomarkers.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Stool Interleukin-1β Differentiates Clostridioides difficile Infection (CDI) From Asymptomatic Carriage and Non-CDI Diarrhea.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2023Article
- Microbiome profile and calprotectin levels as markers of risk of recurrentFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Article
- Faecal Inflammatory Biomarkers and Gastrointestinal Symptoms after Bariatric Surgery: A Longitudinal Study.Inflammatory intestinal diseases · 2021Article
- Usefulness of Fecal Calprotectin in the Management of Patients with ToxigenicJournal of clinical medicine · 2021Article
- Investigation of Intestinal Microbiota and Fecal Calprotectin in Non-Toxigenic and ToxigenicMicroorganisms · 2020Article
- Recent advances in the treatment ofFaculty reviews · 2020Review
- The Immune Protein Calprotectin Impacts Clostridioides difficile Metabolism through Zinc Limitation.mBio · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Calprotectin and lactoferrin are released by the gastrointestinal tract in response to infection and mucosal inflammation. Our objective was to assess the usefulness of quantifying faecal lactoferrin and calprotectin concentrations in Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) patients with or without free toxins in the stools. We conducted a single-centre 22-month case-control study. Patients with a positive CDI diagnosis were compared to two control groups: group 1 = diarrhoeic patients negative for C. difficile and matched (1:1) to CDI cases on the ward location and age, and group 2 = diarrhoeic patients colonised with a non-toxigenic strain of C. difficile. Faecal lactoferrin and calprotectin concentrations in faeces were determined for patients with CDI and controls. Of 135 patients with CDI, 87 (64.4%) had a positive stool cytotoxicity assay (free toxin) and 48 (35.6%) had a positive toxigenic culture without detectable toxins in the stools. The median lactoferrin values were 26.8 μg/g, 8.0 μg/g and 15.8 μg/g in CDI patients and groups 1 and 2, respectively. The median calprotectin values were 218.0 μg/g, 111.5 μg/g and 111.3 μg/g, respectively. Among patients with CDI, faecal lactoferrin and calprotectin levels were higher in those with free toxins in their stools (39.2 vs. 10.2 μg/g, p = 0.003 and 274.0 vs. 166.0 μg/g, p = 0.051, respectively). Both faecal calprotectin and lactoferrin were higher in patients with CDI, especially in those with detectable toxin in faeces, suggesting a correlation between intestinal inflammation and toxins in stools.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.