Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28797269›Full record

ArticleMalaria journal2017

A reduction in malaria transmission intensity in Northern Ghana after 7 years of indoor residual spraying.

Sylvester Coleman, Samuel K Dadzie, Aklilu Seyoum, Yemane Yihdego, Peter Mumba, Dereje Dengela, Philip Ricks, Kristen George, Christen Fornadel, Daniel Szumlas and 4 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Malaria journal, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
37citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

37 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Sylvester ColemanUSAID President's Malaria Initiative Africa Indoor Residual Spraying Project, Accra, Ghana. Sylvester_Coleman@africairs.net.ORCID 0000-0002-0964-0894
Samuel K DadzieNoguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana.
Aklilu SeyoumUSAID President's Malaria Initiative Africa Indoor Residual Spraying Project, Accra, Ghana.
Yemane YihdegoUSAID President's Malaria Initiative Africa Indoor Residual Spraying Project, Accra, Ghana.
Peter MumbaUSAID President's Malaria Initiative Africa Indoor Residual Spraying Project, Accra, Ghana.
Dereje DengelaUSAID President's Malaria Initiative Africa Indoor Residual Spraying Project, Abt Associates Inc, 4550 Montgomery Ave, Suite 800 N, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA.
Philip RicksPresident's Malaria Initiative/Malaria Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Kristen GeorgePresident's Malaria Initiative/U.S. Agency for International Development, 1300 Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington, DC, USA.
Christen FornadelPresident's Malaria Initiative/U.S. Agency for International Development, 1300 Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington, DC, USA.
Daniel SzumlasArmed Forces Pest Management Board, 172 Forney Road, Forest Glen Annex, Silver Spring, MD, 20910, USA.
Paul PsychasUniversity of Florida Emerging Pathogens Institute, Gainesville, FL, USA.
Jacob WilliamsThe Johns Hopkins University, Washington, D.C. Metro Area, USA.
Maxwell A AppawuNoguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana.
Daniel A BoakyeNoguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundIndoor residual spraying (IRS) is being implemented as one of the malaria prevention methods in the Northern Region of Ghana. Changes in longevity, sporozoite and entomological inoculation rates (EIRs) of major malaria vectors were monitored to assess the impact of IRS in selected districts.

methodsMonthly human landing catches (HLCs) were used to collect mosquitoes from sentinel sites in three adjacent districts between July 2009 and December 2014: Savelugu Nanton (SND) where IRS had been implemented from 2008 to 2014; Tolon Kumbungu (TKD) where IRS had been implemented between 2008 and 2012 and Tamale Metropolis (TML) with no history of IRS. Mosquitoes were morphologically identified to species level and into sibling species, using PCR. Samples of Anopheles gambiae sensu lato (s.l.) were examined for parity and infectivity. EIR was calculated from biting and infectivity rates of malaria vectors.

resultsParity rates of An. gambiae s.l. decreased significantly (p < 0.0001) in SND from 44.8% in 2011 to 28.1% by 2014, and in TKD from 53.3% in 2011 to 46.6% in 2012 (p = 0.001). However 2 years after IRS was discontinued in TKD, the proportion of parous An. gambiae s.l. increased significantly to 68.5% in 2014 (p < 0.0001). Parity rates in the unsprayed district remained high throughout the study period, ranging between 68.6% in 2011 and 72.3% in 2014. The sum of monthly EIRs post-IRS season (July-December) in SND ranged between 2.1 and 6.3 infective bites/person/season (ib/p/s) during the 3 years that the district was sprayed with alphacypermethrin. EIR in SND was reduced to undetectable levels when the insecticide was switched to pirimiphos methyl CS in 2013 and 2014. Two years after IRS was withdrawn from TKD the sum of monthly EIRs (July-December) increased by about fourfold from 41.8 ib/p/s in 2012 to 154.4 ib/p/s in 2014. The EIR in the control area, TML, ranged between 35 ib/p/s in 2009 to 104.71 ib/p/s by 2014.

conclusionsThis study demonstrates that IRS application did have a significant impact on entomological indicators of malaria transmission in the IRS project districts of Northern Ghana. Transmission indicators increased following the withdrawal of IRS from Tolon Kumbungu District.

Indexed as

AnophelesHousingInsecticidesInsect VectorsAnimalsGhanaHumansMalariaMosquito ControlInsecticidesEntomological inoculation rateIndoor residual sprayingMalaria transmission indicatorsNorthern GhanaParity rates

Identifiers

PMID28797269
PMCPMC5553800

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.