ArticlePloS one2017
Development of salivary cortisol circadian rhythm in preterm infants.
Article in PloS one, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Enhancing diurnal cortisol regulation among young children adopted internationally: A randomized controlled trial of a parenting-based intervention.Development and psychopathology · 2020Trial
- Stress exposure, stress responses, and short-term outcomes in very preterm neonates: a national cohort study.European journal of pediatrics · 2026Observational
- Current insights into monitoring of congenital adrenal hyperplasia.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Measurement of Salivary Cortisol for Revealing Age-Specific Dependence of Cortisol Levels on Time, Feeding, and Oxygen Metabolism in Newborn Infants.Biosensors · 2025Article
- Circadian rhythm development in preterm infants. The role of postnatal versus postmenstrual age.Early human development · 2024Article
- Article
- The effect of the swaddling method on stress levels in newborns administered nasal CPAP.BMC pediatrics · 2023Article
- The hydrocortisone-responsive urinary metabolome of premature infants.Pediatric research · 2023Article
- Designing artificial circadian environments with multisensory cares for supporting preterm infants' growth in NICUs.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Review
- The influence of repeated pain exposure on morning salivary cortisol in term and preterm neonates.Pediatric endocrinology, diabetes, and metabolism · 2023Article
- Understanding the relationships between physiological and psychosocial stress, cortisol and cognition.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Review
- Saliva cortisol diurnal variation and stress responses in term and preterm infants.Archives of disease in childhood. Fetal and neonatal edition · 2022Article
- Multi-level hypothalamic neuromodulation of self-regulation and cognition in preterm infants: Towards a control systems model.Comprehensive psychoneuroendocrinology · 2022Review
- Precision caffeine therapy for apnea of prematurity and circadian rhythms: New possibilities open up.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
- Glucocorticoids in preterm human milk.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Article
- The persistent associations between early institutional care and diurnal cortisol outcomes among children adopted internationally.Developmental psychobiology · 2021Article
- The rhythm of a preterm neonate's life: ultradian oscillations of heart rate, body temperature and sleep cycles.Journal of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics · 2021Observational
- Observational
- Novel method of measuring chronic stress for preterm infants: Skin cortisol.Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2019Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesTo investigate at what age preterm infants develop a salivary cortisol circadian rhythm and identify whether it is dependent on gestational age and/or postnatal age. To evaluate whether salivary cortisol circadian rhythm development is related to behavioral regularity. To elucidate salivary cortisol levels in preterm infants during the first year of life.
methodsThis prospective, longitudinal study included 51 preterm infants. 130 healthy full-term infants served as controls. Monthly salivary cortisol levels were obtained in the morning (07:30-09:30), at noon (10:00-12:00), and in the evening (19:30-21:30), beginning at gestational age week 28-32 and continuing until twelve months corrected age. Behavioral regularity was studied using the Baby Behavior Questionnaire.
resultsA salivary cortisol circadian rhythm was established by one month corrected age and persisted throughout the first year. The preterm infants showed a cortisol pattern increasingly more alike the full-term infants as the first year progressed. The preterm infants increase in behavioral regularity with age but no correlation was found between the development of salivary cortisol circadian rhythm and the development of behavior regularity. The time to establish salivary cortisol circadian rhythm differed between preterm and full-term infants according to postnatal age (p = 0.001) and was dependent on gestational age. Monthly salivary cortisol levels for preterm infants from birth until twelve months are presented. Additional findings were that topical corticosteroid medication was associated with higher concentrations of salivary cortisol (p = 0.02) and establishment of salivary cortisol circadian rhythm occurred later in infants treated with topical corticosteroid medication (p = 0.02).
conclusionsSalivary cortisol circadian rhythm is established by one month corrected age in preterm infants. Establishment of salivary cortisol circadian rhythm is related to gestational age rather than to postnatal age. Salivary cortisol circadian rhythm development is not related to behavioral regularity.
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