ArticlePloS one2017
CSF profile in primary progressive multiple sclerosis: Re-exploring the basics.
Article in PloS one, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Real-World Laboratory Analysis of Molecular Biomarkers in Multiple Sclerosis Centers in Central-Eastern European Countries Covering 107 Million Inhabitants.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- The Presence of MRZ Reactions Improves the Prediction of Multiple Sclerosis in Children with Optic Neuritis.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Pathogenetic Involvement of Autophagy and Mitophagy in Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2025Article
- Intrathecal Immunoglobulin A Synthesis in Multiple Sclerosis: From Biological Aspects to Clinical Relevance.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Elevated Kappa Index in the Absence of Cerebrospinal Fluid IgG Oligoclonal Bands: Contribution of Intrathecal IgM and IgA Synthesis.Biomolecules · 2025Article
- Intrathecal IgG and IgM synthesis correlates with neurodegeneration markers and corresponds to meningeal B cell presence in MS.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Serum Neurofilament Light Chain and Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein as Biomarkers in Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis and Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia Type 4.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Diagnostic Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarker in Early and Late Onset Multiple Sclerosis.Biomedicines · 2022Article
- Cerebrospinal fluid lactate levels along the Alzheimer's disease continuum and associations with blood-brain barrier integrity, age, cognition, and biomarkers.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2022Article
- Microbiota, IgA and Multiple Sclerosis.Microorganisms · 2022Review
- Determinants of Disability in Progressive Onset Multiple Sclerosis.Noro psikiyatri arsivi · 2022Article
- The Impact of Multiple Sclerosis Disease Status and Subtype on Hematological Profile.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Neurofilament light chain as a biomarker for diagnosis of multiple sclerosis.EXCLI journal · 2021Review
- Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers in Relation to MRZ Reaction Status in Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis.Cells · 2020Article
- [Headache in multiple sclerosis].Der Nervenarzt · 2020Review
- Intrathecal IgM as a Prognostic Marker in Multiple Sclerosis.Molecular diagnosis & therapy · 2020Review
- Cerebrospinal fluid lactate in dogs with inflammatory central nervous system disorders.Journal of veterinary internal medicine · 2019Article
- Interrelation of Diet, Gut Microbiome, and Autoantibody Production.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Review
- Pathogenic Mechanisms Associated With Different Clinical Courses of Multiple Sclerosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Review
- Relationship of cranial bone signal intensity to multiple sclerosis clinical course and progression.Science progressArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThe aim of this study was to report the basic cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) profile in patients with primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS).
methodsThe results of CSF analysis from 254 patients with PPMS were collected at four university hospitals in Germany. Routine CSF parameters and different indices of intrathecal immunoglobulin synthesis were evaluated. We assessed possible correlations between the various CSF parameters and the expanded disability status scale (EDSS) both at the time of lumbar puncture and during the course of the disease.
resultsThe median cell count and albumin concentration in the CSF did not deviate from normal values. The CSF-serum albumin-quotient (QALB) was elevated in 29.6% of the patients, while intrathecal immunoglobulin G (IgG) oligoclonal bands (OCBs) were detected in 91.1% of the patients. CSF-lactate levels as well as local IgM- and IgA-synthesis were correlated with the yearly disease progression rate, as assessed by EDSS.
conclusionWe present the results of the hitherto largest and most detailed CSF biomarker profile in a cohort of 254 patients with PPMS. As reported previously, OCBs are the most sensitive marker for intrathecal IgG synthesis. CSF-lactate concentrations are positively correlated with the progression rate, which might suggest that mitochondrial dysfunction plays a relevant role in PPMS. The negative correlation between intrathecally produced IgM and IgA and disease progression may indicate their hitherto unexplored protective role.
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