ArticleJournal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)2017
Brief Report: Selection of HIV-1 Variants With Higher Transmission Potential by 1% Tenofovir Gel Microbicide.
Article in Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- Altered Antibody Responses in Persons Infected with HIV-1 While Using Preexposure Prophylaxis.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2021Trial
- Safety Assessment of Microbicide 2P23 on the Rectal and Vaginal Microbiota and Its Antiviral Activity on HIV Infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Negative and Positive Selection Pressure During Sexual Transmission of Transmitted Founder HIV-1.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundWomen in the CAPRISA 004 trial assigned to use 1% tenofovir (TFV) microbicide gel, who became HIV-1 infected, had higher viral load set-point and slower antibody avidity maturation compared with placebo participants. We investigated whether TFV gel was selected for viruses with altered genetic characteristics.
settingThe participants of the CAPRISA 004 trial (n = 28 TFV and 43 placebo) were from KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa and were infected with HIV-1 subtype C. After HIV-1 diagnosis, they were recruited into the CAPRISA 002 cohort.
methodsWe analyzed gag sequences from the earliest time point post infection (within 3 months of estimated time of infection). Transmission index was measured using a model which predicts the likelihood of an amino acid to be transmitted. Phylogenetic distance from a regional consensus sequence was calculated from a maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree.
resultsTransmission index and distance from the most common (consensus) sequence have been shown to be markers of transmission fitness. We found that viruses infecting TFV gel recipients were closer to the consensus sequence of regional strains (P = 0.003) and had higher transmission index (P = 0.01). The transmission index was weakly correlated with concomitant viral load (Spearman r = 0.22, P = 0.06).
conclusionDecreased acquisition risk may have increased the barrier to infection therefore selecting for fitter, more consensus-like viruses. Such virus fitness effects will need to be considered for future pre-exposure prophylaxis and vaccine trials.
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