ArticleUrology annals
Renal cell carcinomas mass of <4 cm are not always indolent.
Article in Urology annals. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- Urine C-reactive protein content and non-invasive molecular grading of renal cell carcinoma.Kidney cancer journal : official journal of the Kidney Cancer Association · 2025Article
- Active surveillance and focal ablation for small renal masses: a better solution for comorbid patients.Archives of medical science : AMS · 2020Article
- The potential role of miR-126, miR-21 and miR-10b as prognostic biomarkers in renal cell carcinoma.Oncology letters · 2019Article
- Retrospective Multicenter Long-Term Follow-up Analysis of Prognostic Risk Factors for Recurrence-Free, Metastasis-Free, Cancer-Specific, and Overall Survival After Curative Nephrectomy in Non-metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma.Frontiers in oncology · 2019Article
- A case report of metastatic renal cell carcinoma causing corticobasal syndrome.Clinical neuropathologyArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
contextThe rate of progression to metastatic disease in patients undergoing active surveillance for small renal tumors varies in the literature between 1% and 8%.
aimsThis study aims to examine the incidence of metastasis in small renal tumors of <4 cm in a Danish cohort. SETTINGS AND
designRetrospective. MATERIALS AND
methodsData on 106 patients who were diagnosed with renal cancer (RCC) of <4 cm by CT scan from January 2005 to December 2013 were collected retrospectively in January 2016 from patient charts and analyzed. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: The cancer-specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS) were estimated using Kaplan-Meier methods.
resultsThe mean age was 62 years (range 40-84 years). Two patients (1.9%) had metastases at the time of diagnosis. Radical nephrectomy was performed in 74 patients (70%); of them, one patients (1.4%) experienced late metastasis (LM). Partial nephrectomy was performed in 30 patients (28%); of them, two patients (6.7%) experienced LM. The mean time to LM was 27 ± 12 months (95% confidence interval: 4-56). CSS rates were 98%, 97%, and 97% for 1, 3, and 5 years, respectively, while OS rates were 96%, 92%, and 86% for 1, 3, and 5 years, respectively. On multivariate analysis, tumor size (
conclusionsEven small renal carcinomas may be aggressive, and caution should be taken when offering active surveillance.
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