Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28794444›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2017

External amplitude and frequency modulation of a terahertz quantum cascade laser using metamaterial/graphene devices.

S J Kindness, D S Jessop, B Wei, R Wallis, V S Kamboj, L Xiao, Y Ren, P Braeuninger-Weimer, A I Aria, S Hofmann and 3 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

S J KindnessCavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, United Kingdom. sjk80@cam.ac.uk.
D S JessopCavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, United Kingdom.
B WeiCavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, United Kingdom.
R WallisCavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, United Kingdom.
V S KambojCavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, United Kingdom.
L XiaoCavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, United Kingdom.
Y RenCavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, United Kingdom.
P Braeuninger-WeimerDept. of Engineering, University of Cambridge, 9 J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0FA, United Kingdom.
A I AriaDept. of Engineering, University of Cambridge, 9 J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0FA, United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0002-6305-3906
S HofmannDept. of Engineering, University of Cambridge, 9 J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0FA, United Kingdom.
H E BeereCavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, United Kingdom.
D A RitchieCavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, United Kingdom.
R Degl'InnocentiCavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, United Kingdom.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Active control of the amplitude and frequency of terahertz sources is an essential prerequisite for exploiting a myriad of terahertz applications in imaging, spectroscopy, and communications. Here we present a optoelectronic, external modulation technique applied to a terahertz quantum cascade laser which holds the promise of addressing a number of important challenges in this research area. A hybrid metamaterial/graphene device is implemented into an external cavity set-up allowing for optoelectronic tuning of feedback into a quantum cascade laser. We demonstrate powerful, all-electronic, control over the amplitude and frequency of the laser output. Full laser switching is performed by electrostatic gating of the metamaterial/graphene device, demonstrating a modulation depth of 100%. External control of the emission spectrum is also achieved, highlighting the flexibility of this feedback method. By taking advantage of the frequency dispersive reflectivity of the metamaterial array, different modes of the QCL output are selectively suppressed using lithographic tuning and single mode operation of the multi-mode laser is enforced. Side mode suppression is electrically modulated from ~6 dB to ~21 dB, demonstrating active, optoelectronic modulation of the laser frequency content between multi-mode and single mode operation.

Identifiers

PMID28794444
PMCPMC5550467

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.