ReviewFrontiers in oncology2017
Immunotherapy Combined with Large Fractions of Radiotherapy: Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Brain Metastases-Implications for Intraoperative Radiotherapy after Resection.
Review in Frontiers in oncology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Intraoperative radiotherapy after resection of newly diagnosed brain metastases in adult patients - results of a prospective phase II trial (INTRAMET).Journal of neuro-oncology · 2026Trial
- Intraoperative radiotherapy for brain metastases: first-stage results of a single-arm, open-label, phase 2 trial.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2023Trial
- Intraoperative radiation therapy induces immune response activity after pancreatic surgery.BMC cancer · 2021Trial
- Comparing intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) and hypofractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (HSRT) after brain metastasis surgery: impact on oncological outcome and radionecrosis.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2025Article
- Enhancing adoptive cell therapy: future strategies for immune cell radioprotection in neuro-oncology.NPJ precision oncology · 2025Review
- Intraoperative radiotherapy after neurosurgical resection of brain metastases as institutional standard treatment- update of the oncological outcome form a single center cohort after 117 procedures.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2024Article
- Targeting the DNA Damage Response and DNA Repair Pathways to Enhance Radiosensitivity in Colorectal Cancer.Cancers · 2022Review
- Targeting Cell Cycle Checkpoint Kinases to Overcome Intrinsic Radioresistance in Brain Tumor Cells.Cancers · 2022Review
- Intraoperative radiotherapy with low-energy x-rays after neurosurgical resection of brain metastases-an Augsburg University Medical Center experience.Strahlentherapie und Onkologie : Organ der Deutschen Rontgengesellschaft ... [et al] · 2021Article
- Intraoperative Radiotherapy in Brain Malignancies: Indications and Outcomes in Primary and Metastatic Brain Tumors.Frontiers in oncology · 2021Review
- [Intraoperative radiotherapy-Indications and options in visceral surgery].Der Chirurg; Zeitschrift fur alle Gebiete der operativen Medizen · 2020Review
- Diacylglycerol Kinase Alpha in Radiation-Induced Fibrosis: Potential as a Predictive Marker or Therapeutic Target.Frontiers in oncology · 2020Review
- Restriction Spectrum Imaging Differentiates True Tumor Progression From Immune-Mediated Pseudoprogression: Case Report of a Patient With Glioblastoma.Frontiers in oncology · 2020Article
- FSRT vs. SRS in Brain Metastases-Differences in Local Control and Radiation Necrosis-A Volumetric Study.Frontiers in oncology · 2020Article
- Targeting the Post-Irradiation Tumor Microenvironment in Glioblastoma via Inhibition of CXCL12.Cancers · 2019Review
- Enhancing the Bystander and Abscopal Effects to Improve Radiotherapy Outcomes.Frontiers in oncology · 2019Review
- Radiotherapy, tumor mutational burden, and immune checkpoint inhibitors: time to do the math.Strahlentherapie und Onkologie : Organ der Deutschen Rontgengesellschaft ... [et al] · 2018Article
- The role of radiation therapy in the treatment of metastatic cancer.Clinical & experimental metastasis · 2018Review
- Postoperative Cavity Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Brain Metastases.Frontiers in oncology · 2018Review
- Future Directions of Intraoperative Radiation Therapy: A Brief Review.Frontiers in oncology · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Brain metastases (BM) affect approximately a third of all cancer patients with systemic disease. Treatment options include surgery, whole-brain radiotherapy, or stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) while chemotherapy has only limited activity. In cases where patients undergo resection before irradiation, intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) to the tumor bed may be an alternative modality, which would eliminate the repopulation of residual tumor cells between surgery and postoperative radiotherapy. Accumulating evidence has shown that high single doses of ionizing radiation can be highly efficient in eliciting a broad spectrum of local, regional, and systemic tumor-directed immune reactions. Furthermore, immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has proven effective in treating antigenic BM and, thus, combining IORT with ICB might be a promising approach. However, it is not known if a low number of residual tumor cells in the tumor bed after resection is sufficient to act as an immunizing event opening the gate for ICB therapies in the brain. Because immunological data on tumor bed irradiation after resection are lacking, a rationale for combining IORT with ICB must be based on mechanistic insight from experimental models and clinical studies on unresected tumors. The purpose of the present review is to examine the mechanisms by which large radiation doses as applied in SRS and IORT enhance antitumor immune activity. Clinical studies on IORT for brain tumors, and on combined treatment of SRS and ICB for unresected BM, are used to assess the safety, efficacy, and immunogenicity of IORT plus ICB and to suggest an optimal treatment sequence.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.