ArticlePloS one2017
Genetic diversity and antibody responses against Plasmodium falciparum vaccine candidate genes from Chhattisgarh, Central India: Implication for vaccine development.
Article in PloS one, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Plasmodium falciparum genetic diversity and multiplicity of infection based on msp-1, msp-2, glurp and microsatellite genetic markers in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Malaria journal · 2024Pooled it
- Genetic diversity of Plasmodium falciparum and genetic profile in children affected by uncomplicated malaria in Cameroon.Malaria journal · 2020Trial
- Genetic polymorphism of Plasmodium falciparum MSP-2 (3D7/IC) and multiplicity of infection in N'Djamena, Chad.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Genetic polymorphism of Plasmodium falciparum using merozoite surface proteins 1 and 2 (msp-1 and msp-2) genes in Oveng and Mintom, South region of Cameroon.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Article
- Micro-geographic variation in antigenic diversity of PfEBA-175 region II in asymptomaticFrontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Article
- Genotyping and CharacterizingTropical medicine and infectious disease · 2024Review
- Geographical and temporal dynamics of genetic diversity ofJournal of parasitic diseases : official organ of the Indian Society for Parasitology · 2024Article
- A Comparative Study of Genetic Diversity and Multiplicity of Infection in UncomplicatedPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- A human antibody epitope map of the malaria vaccine antigen Pfs25.NPJ vaccines · 2023Article
- Article
- Signatures of selection and drivers for novel mutation on transmission-blocking vaccine candidate Pfs25 gene in western Kenya.PloS one · 2022Article
- Plasmodium falciparum msp1 and msp2 genetic diversity in parasites isolated from symptomatic and asymptomatic malaria subjects in the South of Benin.Parasitology research · 2022Article
- Genetic polymorphism ofAccess microbiology · 2022Article
- Global diversity of the gene encoding the Pfs25 protein-a Plasmodium falciparum transmission-blocking vaccine candidate.Parasites & vectors · 2021Article
- Genetic polymorphisms of Plasmodium falciparum isolates from Melka-Werer, North East Ethiopia based on the merozoite surface protein-2 (msp-2) gene as a molecular marker.Malaria journal · 2021Article
- Plasmodium vivax AMA1: Implications of distinct haplotypes for immune response.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2020Article
- Characterization of drug resistance and genetic diversity of Plasmodium falciparum parasites from Tripura, Northeast India.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Transmission-Blocking Vaccines: Old Friends and New Prospects.Infection and immunity · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The genetic diversity in Plasmodium falciparum antigens is a major hurdle in developing an effective malaria vaccine. Protective efficacy of the vaccine is dependent on the polymorphic alleles of the vaccine candidate antigens. Therefore, we investigated the genetic diversity of the potential vaccine candidate antigens i.e. msp-1, msp-2, glurp, csp and pfs25 from field isolates of P.falciparum and determined the natural immune response against the synthetic peptide of these antigens. Genotyping was performed using Sanger method and size of alleles, multiplicity of infection, heterogeneity and recombination rate were analyzed. Asexual stage antigens were highly polymorphic with 55 and 50 unique alleles in msp-1 and msp-2 genes, respectively. The MOI for msp-1 and msp-2 were 1.67 and 1.28 respectively. A total 59 genotype was found in glurp gene with 8 types of amino acid repeats in the conserved part of RII repeat region. The number of NANP repeats from 40 to 44 was found among 55% samples in csp gene while pfs25 was found almost conserved with only two amino acid substitution site. The level of genetic diversity in the present study population was very similar to that from Asian countries. A higher IgG response was found in the B-cell epitopes of msp-1 and csp antigens and higher level of antibodies against csp B-cell epitope and glurp antigen were recorded with increasing age groups. Significantly, higher positive responses were observed in the csp antigen among the samples with ≥42 NANP repeats. The present finding showed extensive diversity in the asexual stage antigens.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.