SynthesisBehavior genetics2017
Age at Menarche and Time Spent in Education: A Mendelian Randomization Study.
Synthesis in Behavior genetics, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Enhancing brain health in the Global South through sex and gender lens.Nature. Mental health · 2024Article
- The Effects of Pubertal Timing on Academic Performance in Adolescence and Career Success in Adulthood: Evidence from a 16-year Longitudinal Study.Journal of youth and adolescence · 2023Article
- Endocrine Health and Health Care Disparities in the Pediatric and Sexual and Gender Minority Populations: An Endocrine Society Scientific Statement.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2023Article
- Women's reproductive traits and cerebral small-vessel disease: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Article
- Mendelian Randomization: Concepts and Scope.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2022Review
- Effects of Thyroid Function on Hemostasis, Coagulation, and Fibrinolysis: A Mendelian Randomization Study.Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association · 2021Article
- Age at menarche, age at natural menopause, and risk of rheumatoid arthritis - a Mendelian randomization study.Arthritis research & therapy · 2021Article
- Longitudinal associations of physical activity and pubertal development with academic achievement in adolescents.Journal of sport and health science · 2020Article
- Identifying potential causal effects of age at menarche: a Mendelian randomization phenome-wide association study.BMC medicine · 2020Article
- Age of puberty and Sleep duration: Observational and Mendelian randomization study.Scientific reports · 2020Observational
- The effects of age at menarche and first sexual intercourse on reproductive and behavioural outcomes: A Mendelian randomization study.PloS one · 2020Article
- Early Menarche and Internalizing and Externalizing in Adulthood: Explaining the Persistence of Effects.The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine · 2019Article
- Effects of the Timing of Sex-Steroid Exposure in Adolescence on Adult Health Outcomes.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2019Review
- Assessment of the Relationship Between Genetic Determinants of Thyroid Function and Atrial Fibrillation: A Mendelian Randomization Study.JAMA cardiology · 2019Article
- Age at menarche and adult body mass index: a Mendelian randomization study.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Menarche signifies the primary event in female puberty and is associated with changes in self-identity. It is not clear whether earlier puberty causes girls to spend less time in education. Observational studies on this topic are likely to be affected by confounding environmental factors. The Mendelian randomization (MR) approach addresses these issues by using genetic variants (such as single nucleotide polymorphisms, SNPs) as proxies for the risk factor of interest. We use this technique to explore whether there is a causal effect of age at menarche on time spent in education. Instruments and SNP-age at menarche estimates are identified from a Genome Wide Association Study (GWAS) meta-analysis of 182,416 women of European descent. The effects of instruments on time spent in education are estimated using a GWAS meta-analysis of 118,443 women performed by the Social Science Genetic Association Consortium (SSGAC). In our main analysis, we demonstrate a small but statistically significant causal effect of age at menarche on time spent in education: a 1 year increase in age at menarche is associated with 0.14 years (53 days) increase in time spent in education (95% CI 0.10-0.21 years, p = 3.5 × 10
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.