Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28782333›Full record

ArticleJournal of the International AIDS Society2017

Performance of self-reported HIV status in determining true HIV status among older adults in rural South Africa: a validation study.

Julia K Rohr, F Xavier Gómez-Olivé, Molly Rosenberg, Jennifer Manne-Goehler, Pascal Geldsetzer, Ryan G Wagner, Brian Houle, Joshua A Salomon, Kathleen Kahn, Stephen Tollman and 2 more

Open access · goldAbstract readEvaluation Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of the International AIDS Society, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
28citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
3.1field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

28 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 43 citations in OpenAlex.

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  18. Self-Reported Physical Activity in Middle-Aged and Older Adults in Rural South Africa: Levels and Correlates.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 5 institutions in 6 countries.

Julia K RohrCenter for Population and Development Studies, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
F Xavier Gómez-OlivéCenter for Population and Development Studies, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Molly RosenbergCenter for Population and Development Studies, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Jennifer Manne-GoehlerDepartment of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.
Pascal GeldsetzerDepartment of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.
Ryan G WagnerMRC/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt), School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Brian HouleMRC/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt), School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Joshua A SalomonDepartment of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.
Kathleen KahnMRC/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt), School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Stephen TollmanMRC/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt), School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Lisa BerkmanCenter for Population and Development Studies, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Till BärnighausenCenter for Population and Development Studies, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Harvard University · USAgincourt Health and Socio-Demographic Surveillance System · ZAHarvard Global Health Institute · USIndepth Network · GHIndiana University Bloomington · US

Funding

SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC PREDICTORS OF PHYSICAL AND COGNITIVE FUNCTIONP01AG041710 · NIA · HARVARD UNIVERSITY D/B/A HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH · PI LISA F BERKMAN · 2013 to 2026
$37.3M
Training Tanzanian Researchers for HIV/AIDS Implementation ScienceD43TW009775 · FIC · HARVARD UNIVERSITY D/B/A HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH · PI Wafaie W Fawzi, Christopher Sudfeld · 2015 to 2026
$3.0M
New Methods for the design and evaluation of large HIV prevention interventionsR01AI112339 · NIAID · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI SPIEGELMAN, DONNA L · 2014 to 2017
$2.7M
Causal Pathways to population health impact of HIV antiretroviral treatmentR01HD084233 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF KWAZULU-NATAL · PI BARNIGHAUSEN, TILL, TANSER, FRANK COURTENEY · 2015 to 2021
$2.3M
Can HIV Hot-Spots be eradicated? An intervention to decrease HIV transmission to young women in rural KwaZulu-Natal South AfricaR01AI124389 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF KWAZULU-NATAL · PI BARNIGHAUSEN, TILL, TANSER, FRANK COURTENEY · 2016 to 2020
$2.1M
FIC NIH HHS D43 TW009775NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI112339NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI124389NIA NIH HHS P01 AG041710NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD084233NIH HHS P01-AG041710NIH HHS R01-AI124389NIH HHS R01-HD084233Wellcome Trust 058893/Z/99/AWellcome Trust 069683/Z/02/ZWellcome Trust 085477/B/08/ZWellcome Trust 085477/Z/08/Z
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionIn South Africa, older adults make up a growing proportion of people living with HIV. HIV programmes are likely to reach older South Africans in home-based interventions where testing is not always feasible. We evaluate the accuracy of self-reported HIV status, which may provide useful information for targeting interventions or offer an alternative to biomarker testing.

methodsData were taken from the Health and Aging in Africa: A Longitudinal Study of an INDEPTH Community in South Africa (HAALSI) baseline survey, which was conducted in rural Mpumalanga province, South Africa. A total of 5059 participants aged ≥40 years were interviewed from 2014 to 2015. Self-reported HIV status and dried bloodspots for HIV biomarker testing were obtained during at-home interviews. We calculated sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) for self-reported status compared to "gold standard" biomarker results. Log-binomial regression explored associations between demographic characteristics, antiretroviral therapy (ART) status and sensitivity of self-report.

resultsMost participants (93%) consented to biomarker testing. Of those with biomarker results, 50.9% reported knowing their HIV status and accurately reported it. PPV of self-report was 94.1% (95% confidence interval (CI): 92.0-96.0), NPV was 87.2% (95% CI: 86.2-88.2), sensitivity was 51.2% (95% CI: 48.2-54.3) and specificity was 99.0% (95% CI: 98.7-99.4). Participants on ART were more likely to report their HIV-positive status, and participants reporting false-negatives were more likely to have older HIV tests.

conclusionsThe majority of participants were willing to share their HIV status. False-negative reports were largely explained by lack of testing, suggesting HIV stigma is retreating in this setting, and that expansion of HIV testing and retesting is still needed in this population. In HIV interventions where testing is not possible, self-reported status should be considered as a routine first step to establish HIV status.

Indexed as

Self ReportAdultAgedAged, 80 and overDisclosureFemaleHealth StatusHIV InfectionsHumansLongitudinal StudiesMaleMiddle AgedRural PopulationSouth AfricaSurveys and QuestionnairesHIV statusolder adultspublic healthself-reportSouth AfricaValidation study

Identifiers

PMID28782333
PMCPMC5577734
OpenAlexW2737280376

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.