ArticleSleep and biological rhythms2016
Comparing two versions of the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale (KSS).
Article in Sleep and biological rhythms, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06531733 (Sleep and Wake Countermeasures for Artemis), which is not on this map. Cited by 26 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Sleep and Wake Countermeasures for Artemis: In-laboratory Study
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Sleep quality of adult recreational cannabis users: a systematic review of literature.Trends in psychiatry and psychotherapy · 2025Pooled it
- The impact of shift work schedules on PVT performance in naturalistic settings: a systematic review.International archives of occupational and environmental health · 2021Pooled it
- Rise and shine: The use of polychromatic short-wavelength-enriched light to mitigate sleep inertia at night following awakening from slow-wave sleep.Journal of sleep research · 2022Trial
- Effectiveness of preanesthetic administration of gabapentin on sedative action during intravenous sedation with propofol.Journal of anesthesia · 2018Trial
- Identifying Biomarkers Using a Portable, Home-Based Eye-Tracking System to Predict Short-Term Visual Fatigue Deterioration: Prospective Observational Feasibility Study.JMIR human factors · 2026Observational
- Precision Imaging for Intraindividual Investigation of the Reward Response.Human brain mapping · 2026Article
- Exploring the potential effects of different frequencies of flashing light stimulation on alleviating mental fatigue: a behavioral and EEG study.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2026Article
- Thalamic GABA+ levels are negatively associated with neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with insomnia.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2026Article
- Precision Imaging for Intraindividual Investigation of the Reward Response.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- A Novel Hybrid Approach for Drowsiness Detection Using EEG Scalograms to Overcome Inter-Subject Variability.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The interplay between personal traits and coping strategies on shift-work tolerance: a cross-sectional study.Industrial health · 2025Article
- Characterizing practice-dependent motor learning after a stroke.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2025Observational
- Article
- Cognitive Workload Detection of Air Traffic Controllers Based on mRMR and Fewer EEG Channels.Brain sciences · 2024Article
- Glycaemic Effects of a 156-km Ultra-trail Race in Athletes: An Observational Field Study.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2024Observational
- Rapid Mental Workload Detection of Air Traffic Controllers with Three EEG Sensors.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Psychological changes in athletes infected with Omicron after return to training: fatigue, sleep, and mood.PeerJ · 2023Article
- Objective Assessment of Sleep Patterns among Night-Shift Workers: A Scoping Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Development of single-channel electroencephalography signal analysis model for real-time drowsiness detection : SEEGDD.Physical and engineering sciences in medicine · 2021Article
- How to Design a Relevant Corpus for Sleepiness Detection Through Voice?Frontiers in digital health · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The Karolinska Sleepiness Scale (KSS) is frequently used to study sleepiness in various contexts. However, it exists in two versions, one with labels on every other step (version A), and one with labels on every step (version B) on the 9-point scale. To date, there are no studies examining whether these versions can be used interchangeably. The two versions were here compared in a 24 hr wakefulness study of 12 adults. KSS ratings were obtained every hour, alternating version A and B. Results indicated that the two versions are highly correlated, do not have different response distributions on labeled and unlabeled steps, and that the distributions across all steps have a high level of correspondence (Kappa = 0.73). It was concluded that the two versions are quite similar.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.