Observational studyEye (London, England)2018
Ocular syphilis: the re-establishment of an old disease.
Observational study in Eye (London, England), 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- Management of Adult Syphilis: Key Questions to Inform the 2021 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Sexually Transmitted Infections Treatment Guidelines.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2022Pooled it
- Treponemal Endovasculitis leading to branch artery occlusion: a rare manifestation of ocular syphilis.Oxford medical case reports · 2026Article
- Ocular Syphilis in Individuals with and Without HIV: A Single-Center University Hospital Experience.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Article
- Diagnostic riddle- case report of ocular syphilis.Journal of ophthalmic inflammation and infection · 2025Review
- Article
- Ocular syphilis on the rise: a 10-year analysis from 2010 to 2020.International ophthalmology · 2023Article
- Posterior placoid-like maculopathy and macular hole associated with vitamin A deficiency.American journal of ophthalmology case reports · 2023Article
- Spirochetal uveitis: Spectrum of clinical manifestations, diagnostic and therapeutic approach, final outcome and epidemiological data.International ophthalmology · 2021Article
- Antimicrobial guide to posterior segment infections.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2021Review
- Bilateral ocular involvement with syphilis in a known HIV patient.American journal of ophthalmology case reports · 2020Article
- Eyes As the Window to Syphilis: A Rare Case of Ocular Syphilis As the Initial Presentation of Syphilis.Cureus · 2020Article
- Incipient Syphilitic Papillitis.Neuro-ophthalmology (Aeolus Press) · 2020Article
- Secondary syphilis presenting with acute unilateral vision loss and a widespread maculopapular rash.BMJ case reports · 2019Article
- Acute syphilitic posterior placoid chorioretinopathy: An infectious or autoimmune disease?American journal of ophthalmology case reports · 2019Article
- Clinical Profile and Visual Outcomes of Ocular Syphilis: A Five-year Review in Hospital Universiti Sains, Malaysia.Cureus · 2019Article
- The resurgence of syphilis in high-income countries in the 2000s: a focus on Europe.Epidemiology and infection · 2019Review
- Clinical Characteristics of a Case Series of Ocular Syphilis With 3 Cases Requiring Multiple Vitrectomies After Late Diagnosis.Journal of vitreoretinal diseasesArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
PurposeTo present the patient profiles, clinical presentations and visual outcomes in those diagnosed with ocular syphilis, attending a subspecialist uveitis service in northern England over a 15-year period.Patients and methodsRetrospective observational case series of patients presenting between January 2002 and December 2016.ResultsA total of 50 eyes of 34 patients had intraocular inflammation due to syphilis. Of these, 94% were male, and 75% were men who had sex with men. Ten (29%), all male, were HIV-positive. Presentations included isolated anterior non-granulomatous uveitis, intermediate uveitis, panuveitis, retinitis, placoid chorioretinitis and papillitis. Concurrent skin rash and/or headache were seen in 41%. Compliance with antibiotic treatment was complete, but there was a high rate of default from ophthalmological follow-up (38%). Visual improvement was seen in 92% of eyes, and at final assessment 71% had acuity of 6/9 or better.ConclusionsOcular syphilis is continuing to increase in incidence, in tandem with the continuing epidemic of early syphilis in the UK (the risk of ocular involvement being about 1%). Almost all are male, and most are men who have sex with men. Clinical presentation is variable; a high index of suspicion and a low threshold for serological testing is important; early treatment can reverse retinal changes and restore visual acuity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.