ArticleVirus evolution2017
Persistent infections in immunocompromised hosts are rarely sources of new pathogen variants.
Article in Virus evolution, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Astrovirus and norovirus infections and their association with diarrheal symptoms in immunocompromised children.Emerging microbes & infections · 2026Article
- A Prolonged Norovirus Infection and the Molecular Evolution of Human Norovirus Within-Host in a Child with Burkitt Lymphoma.Viruses · 2026Article
- Viral evolution during primary infection in immunocompromised hosts.PLoS computational biology · 2026Article
- Virus Evolution in Prolonged Infections of Immunocompromised Individuals.Clinical chemistry · 2025Review
- Prevalence and associated factors of norovirus infections among patients with diarrhea in the Amhara national regional state, Ethiopia.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- INTRA- AND INTER-HOST EVOLUTION OF HUMAN NOROVIRUS IN HEALTHY ADULTS.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Using big sequencing data to identify chronic SARS-Coronavirus-2 infections.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Within-host influenza viral diversity in the pediatric population as a function of age, vaccine, and health status.Virus evolution · 2024Article
- Antigenic evolution of SARS-CoV-2 in immunocompromised hosts.Evolution, medicine, and public health · 2023Article
- Long Term Norovirus Infection in a Patient with Severe Common Variable Immunodeficiency.Viruses · 2022Article
- Viral intra-host evolution in immunocompetent children contributes to human norovirus diversification at the global scale.Emerging microbes & infections · 2021Article
- 2020 Hindsight: Should evolutionary virologists have expected the unexpected during a pandemic?Evolution; international journal of organic evolution · 2021Article
- Review
- Preadaptation of pandemic GII.4 noroviruses in unsampled virus reservoirs years before emergence.Virus evolution · 2020Article
- The Ecology and Evolution of Influenza Viruses.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2020Review
- Norovirus in health care and implications for the immunocompromised host.Current opinion in infectious diseases · 2019Article
- Emergence of norovirus strains: A tale of two genes.Virus evolution · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Many viruses, including human norovirus and influenza, cause self-limiting diseases of short duration. However, infection by the same viruses in an immunocompromised host can result in prolonged illness in the absence of effective treatment. Such persistent infections are often characterized by increased genetic diversity with potentially elevated rates of evolution compared to acute infections, leading to suggestions that immunocompromised hosts represent an important reservoir for the emergence of novel viral variants. Here, we develop a mathematical model that combines epidemiological dynamics with within-host evolution to quantify the relative contribution of immunocompromised hosts to the overall rate of pathogen evolution. Using human norovirus as a case study we show that the majority of evolutionary substitutions are expected to occur in acute infections of immunocompetent hosts. Hence, despite their potential to generate a high level of diversity, infections of immunocompromised hosts likely contribute less to the evolution and emergence of new genetic variants at the epidemiological scale because such hosts are rare and tend to be isolated. This result is robust to variation in key parameters, including the proportion of the population immunocompromised, and provides a means to understand the adaptive significance of mutations that arise during chronic infections in immunocompromised hosts.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.