ArticleNature communications2017
Modulation of the tick gut milieu by a secreted tick protein favors Borrelia burgdorferi colonization.
Article in Nature communications, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 74 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
74 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 122 citations in OpenAlex.
- Molecular imaging of bacterial biofilms-a systematic review.Critical reviews in microbiology · 2024Pooled it
- Immune-mediated microbial interference governsiScience · 2026Article
- Interaction between tick and host microbiotas: a four-step waltz.Parasites & vectors · 2026Review
- Infection-Mediated Shifts in the Microbial Communities of Deer-FedMicroorganisms · 2025Article
- Mitogenomics of the tropical bont tick Amblyomma variegatum reveals vertical and horizontal transmission of Rickettsia africae.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- Identification of a Tick Midgut Protein Involved inMicroorganisms · 2025Article
- Culturable bacteria and fungi in Ixodes, Dermacentor, Amblyomma and Ornithodoros ticks.Parasite (Paris, France) · 2025Article
- Article
- Differential Impact of Simultaneous or Sequential Coinfections WithInternational journal of microbiology · 2025Article
- Article
- Dynamic nesting ofEcology and evolution · 2024Article
- Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus infection shapes gut microbiome of the tick vector Haemaphysalis longicornis.Parasites & vectors · 2024Article
- A metalloprotease secreted by an environmentally acquired gut bacterium hindersFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Article
- Insight Into the Dynamics of the Ixodes ricinus Nymphal Midgut Proteome.Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP · 2023Article
- Article
- Adiponectin in the mammalian host influences ticks' acquisition of the Lyme disease pathogen Borrelia.PLoS biology · 2023Article
- Microbiota in disease-transmitting vectors.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2023Review
- Microbiota perturbation by anti-microbiota vaccine reduces the colonization of Borrelia afzelii in Ixodes ricinus.Microbiome · 2023Article
- Universal Tick Vaccines: Candidates and Remaining Challenges.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Review
- Multiomics Reveals Symbionts, Pathogens, and Tissue-Specific Microbiome of Blacklegged Ticks (Ixodes scapularis) from a Lyme Disease Hot Spot in Southeastern Ontario, Canada.Microbiology spectrum · 2023Article
14 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The Lyme disease agent, Borrelia burgdorferi, colonizes the gut of the tick Ixodes scapularis, which transmits the pathogen to vertebrate hosts including humans. Here we show that B. burgdorferi colonization increases the expression of several tick gut genes including pixr, encoding a secreted gut protein with a Reeler domain. RNA interference-mediated silencing of pixr, or immunity against PIXR in mice, impairs the ability of B. burgdorferi to colonize the tick gut. PIXR inhibits bacterial biofilm formation in vitro and in vivo. Abrogation of PIXR function in vivo results in alterations in the gut microbiome, metabolome and immune responses. These alterations influence the spirochete entering the tick gut in multiple ways. PIXR abrogation also impairs larval molting, indicative of its role in tick biology. This study highlights the role of the tick gut in actively managing its microbiome, and how this impacts B. burgdorferi colonization of its arthropod vector. Borrelia burgdorferi, the causative agent of Lyme disease, is transmitted by the tick Ixodes scapularis. Here, the authors show that a tick secreted protein (PIXR) modulates the tick gut microbiota and facilitates B. burgdorferi colonization.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.