ReviewHepatology international2018
Hepatic encephalopathy: a critical current review.
Review in Hepatology international, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 91 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
91 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Chinese guidelines on management of hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhosis.World journal of gastroenterology · 2019Guideline
- Pharmacotherapies that specifically target ammonia for the prevention and treatment of hepatic encephalopathy in adults with cirrhosis.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019Pooled it
- Unveiling the enigma of anxiety disorders and depression: from pathogenesis to treatment.Science China. Life sciences · 2026Review
- Neurological Complications in Intensive Care Units: From Delirium to Long-Term Cognitive Dysfunction-A Narrative Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Advances in understanding, diagnosing, and treating hepatic encephalopathy: from epidemiology to emerging therapies.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Review
- Development of a tryptophan metabolomics-based diagnostic model for hepatic encephalopathy in liver cirrhosis.European journal of medical research · 2026Article
- Biomarkers From the Microbiome to Predict ALD Progression and Its Severity: A Comprehensive Review.Mediators of inflammation · 2026Review
- Realgar-Induced CNS Toxicity: Exploring OTC-Mediated Ornithine Regulation of ZBTB7A Inhibits Astrocyte Glycolysis Based on the Liver-Brain Axis.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Article
- O-GlcNAc as ammonia-induced glycosylation during the development of hyperammonemia.Journal of molecular histology · 2025Article
- Article
- Glutamine and Albumin Levels in Cerebrospinal Fluid Are Correlated with Neurological Severity in an Experimental Model of Acute Hepatic Encephalopathy.Metabolites · 2025Article
- Revealing the protective potential of D-(-)-Quinic acid against thioacetamide-induced hepatic encephalopathy in rats.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Correlation between systemic inflammatory response syndrome and prognosis of patients with cirrhosis and hepatic encephalopathy.BMC gastroenterology · 2025Article
- Gray matter alterations and neurotransmitter system associations in hepatitis B virus-related cirrhosis: insights into neuropathogenesis and therapeutic targets.Neuroradiology · 2025Article
- Low carbohydrate and low-calorie diets reduce liver fat and lower brain glutamate and myo-inositol levels in patients with Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD).Metabolic brain disease · 2025Article
- Hepatic Encephalopathy: Current Thoughts on Pathophysiology and Management.Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2025Review
- Dysregulation of bile acid signal transduction causes neurological dysfunction in cirrhosis rats.World journal of hepatology · 2025Article
- The New Phytocomplex AL0042 Extracted from Red Orange By-Products Inhibits the Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy in Mice Induced by Thioacetamide.Biomedicines · 2025Article
31 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a serious neuropsychiatric complication of cirrhosis and/or porto-systemic shunting. The clinical symptoms are widely variable, extending from subtle impairment in mental state to coma. The utility of categorizing the severity of HE accurately and efficiently serves not only to provide practical functional information about the current clinical status of the patient but also gives valuable prognostic information. In the past 20-30 years, there has been rapid progress in understanding the pathophysiological basis of HE; however, the lack of direct correlation between pathogenic factors and the severity of HE make it difficult to select appropriate therapy for HE patients. In this review, we will discuss the classification system and its limitations, the neuropsychometric assessments and their challenges, as well as the present knowledge on the pathophysiological mechanisms. Despite the many prevalent hypotheses around the pathogenesis of the disease, most treatments focus on targeting and lowering the accumulation of ammonia as well as inflammation. However, treatment of minimal HE remains a huge unmet need and a big concerted effort is needed to better define this condition to allow the development of new therapies. We review the currently available therapies and future approaches to treat HE as well as the scientific and clinical data that support their effectiveness.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.