ArticleNeurology and therapy2017
Efficacy and Tolerability of Delayed-release Dimethyl Fumarate in Black, Hispanic, and Asian Patients with Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis: Post Hoc Integrated Analysis of DEFINE and CONFIRM.
Article in Neurology and therapy, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Randomized, Multicenter, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Dose-Comparison Study to Determine the Efficacy and Safety of BG00012 in Subjects With Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis
A Randomized, Multicenter, Placebo-Controlled and Active Reference (Glatiramer Acetate) Comparison Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of BG00012 in Subjects With Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Real-World Treatment Outcomes in Black, Hispanic, Asian, and White People with Multiple Sclerosis Treated with Fumarates in the USA.Neurology and therapy · 2025Article
- Real-World Safety and Effectiveness After 5 Years of Dimethyl Fumarate Treatment in Black and Hispanic Patients with Multiple Sclerosis in ESTEEM.Neurology and therapy · 2023Article
- Pathways to healing: Plants with therapeutic potential for neurodegenerative diseases.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2023Article
- Health Disparities in Multiple Sclerosis among Hispanic and Black Populations in the United States.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Rehabilitation treatment of multiple sclerosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Pharmacological Induction of Fetal Hemoglobin in β-Thalassemia and Sickle Cell Disease: An Updated Perspective.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Impaired antioxidant KEAP1-NRF2 system in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: NRF2 activation as a potential therapeutic strategy.Molecular neurodegeneration · 2021Review
- Natural products in drug discovery: advances and opportunities.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2021Review
- Real-World Safety and Effectiveness of Dimethyl Fumarate in Hispanic or Latino Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: 3-Year Results from ESTEEM.Neurology and therapy · 2020Article
- Real-World Safety and Effectiveness of Dimethyl Fumarate in Black or African American Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: 3-Year Results from ESTEEM.Neurology and therapy · 2020Article
- Emerging crosstalk between long non-coding RNAs and Nrf2 signaling.Cancer letters · 2020Article
- Article
- Therapeutic targeting of the NRF2 and KEAP1 partnership in chronic diseases.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionClinical course and treatment response may vary according to race/ethnicity in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. Delayed-release dimethyl fumarate (DMF; also known as gastro-resistant DMF) demonstrated significant efficacy and a favorable benefit-risk profile in relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) patients in the 2-year phase III DEFINE/CONFIRM studies.
methodsIn this post hoc analysis of integrated data from DEFINE/CONFIRM, we assessed clinical efficacy and safety/tolerability in black, Hispanic, and Asian patients treated with DMF 240 mg twice daily (approved dosage) or placebo. Eligible patients were 18-55 years of age with an Expanded Disability Status Scale score of 0-5.0. In the integrated intention-to-treat population, 769 and 771 patients were treated with DMF or placebo, respectively, of whom 10 and 19 were black, 31 and 23 were Hispanic, and 66 and 70 were Asian.
resultsIn the black, Hispanic, and Asian subgroups, DMF was associated with lower annualized relapse rates at 2 years compared with placebo [rate ratio (95% confidence interval (CI)), 0.05 (0.00-1.07); 0.31 (0.10-0.95); and 0.64 (0.30-1.34), respectively]. The percentage of black, Hispanic, and Asian patients with 12-week confirmed disability progression was lower with DMF (43%, 8%, and 20%, respectively) compared with placebo [57%, 30%, and 25%, respectively; hazard ratio (95% CI), 0.53 (0.02-1.39); 0.17 (0.00-0.60); and 0.71 (0.32-1.58), respectively]. The safety/tolerability profile of DMF was generally consistent with that in the overall population of DEFINE/CONFIRM. The incidence of adverse events leading to treatment discontinuation in black, Hispanic, and Asian patients was 2/10, 2/31, and 3/66, respectively, with DMF, and 2/19, 1/23, and 8/70, respectively, with placebo.
conclusionDMF may be an efficacious treatment with a favorable benefit-risk profile in black, Hispanic, and Asian patients with RRMS. Further clinical studies are needed to characterize differences in MS presentation and treatment outcomes across ethnic and racial groups.
fundingBiogen.
trial registrationDEFINE: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT00420212; CONFIRM ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT00451451.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.