ArticleThe Journal of experimental medicine2017
Co-stimulatory function in primary germinal center responses: CD40 and B7 are required on distinct antigen-presenting cells.
Article in The Journal of experimental medicine, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 57 citations in OpenAlex.
- B7 costimulation antagonizes RORγt+ regulatory T cells and immune tolerance in the intestine.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2026Article
- The spontaneous neoantigen-specific CD4Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Article
- Naringenin as a phytogenic adjuvant systematically enhances the protective efficacy of H9N2 inactivated vaccine through coordinated innate-adaptive immune priming in chickens.Poultry science · 2025Article
- Langerhans cells drive Tfh and B cell responses independent of canonical cytokine signals.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Characterization of Turbo, a TLR Ligand-based Adjuvant for Glycoconjugate Vaccines.ImmunoHorizons · 2024Article
- Monophosphoryl Lipid A-based Adjuvant to Promote the Immunogenicity of Multivalent Meningococcal Polysaccharide Conjugate Vaccines.ImmunoHorizons · 2024Article
- Exploring the causal relationship between immune cell and all-cause heart failure: a Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2024Article
- Unraveling the enigma: housekeeping geneFrontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- TRAF6 and TRAF2/3 Binding Motifs in CD40 Differentially Regulate B Cell Function in T-Dependent Antibody Responses and Dendritic Cell Function in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2023Article
- Tfh cells and the germinal center are required for memory B cell formation & humoral immunity after ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination.Cell reports. Medicine · 2022Article
- CD40 Drives Central Nervous System Autoimmune Disease by Inducing Complementary Effector Programs via B Cells and Dendritic Cells.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2022Article
- Antigen-presenting T cells provide critical B7 co-stimulation for thymic iNKT cell development via CD28-dependent trogocytosis.Cell reports · 2022Article
- Contribution of Dendritic Cell Subsets to T Cell-Dependent Responses in Mice.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2022Article
- T cell activation niches-Optimizing T cell effector function in inflamed and infected tissues.Immunological reviews · 2022Review
- B Cell-Intrinsic IRF4 Haploinsufficiency Impairs Affinity Maturation.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2021Article
- Cutting Edge: A Threshold of B Cell Costimulatory Signals Is Required for Spontaneous Germinal Center Formation in Autoimmunity.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2021Article
- MHC Class I on murine hematopoietic APC selects Type A IEL precursors in the thymus.European journal of immunology · 2021Article
- Superior inhibition of alloantibody responses with selective CD28 blockade is CTLA-4 dependent and T follicular helper cell specific.American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons · 2021Article
- Involvement of Dendritic Cells and Th17 Cells in Induced Tertiary Lymphoid Structures in a Chronic Beryllium Disease Mouse Model.Mediators of inflammation · 2021Article
- Effects of Cadmium Exposure on the Immune System and Immunoregulation.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
T cell-dependent germinal center (GC) responses require coordinated interactions of T cells with two antigen-presenting cell (APC) populations, B cells and dendritic cells (DCs), in the presence of B7- and CD40-dependent co-stimulatory pathways. Contrary to the prevailing paradigm, we found unique cellular requirements for B7 and CD40 expression in primary GC responses to vaccine immunization with protein antigen and adjuvant: B7 was required on DCs but was not required on B cells, whereas CD40 was required on B cells but not on DCs in the generation of antigen-specific follicular helper T cells, antigen-specific GC B cells, and high-affinity class-switched antibody production. There was, in fact, no requirement for coexpression of B7 and CD40 on the same cell in these responses. Our findings support a substantially revised model for co-stimulatory function in the primary GC response, with crucial and distinct contributions of B7- and CD40-dependent pathways expressed by different APC populations and with important implications for understanding how to optimize vaccine responses or limit autoimmunity.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.