ArticleBMJ case reports2017
Reversible central neural hyperexcitability: an electroencephalographic clue to hypocalcaemia.
Article in BMJ case reports, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Autosomal Dominant Hypocalcemia Type 1 and Neonatal Focal Seizures.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Clinical Features and Factors Associated With Sepsis-Associated Encephalopathy in Children: Retrospective Single-Center Clinical Study.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Article
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4 authors.
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Abstract
A 23-year-old male patient presented with cognitive decline and seizures. Examination revealed Chvostek's and Trousseau's signs. Investigations revealed hypocalcaemia, hyperphosphatemia and normal intact parathyroid hormone levels. Imaging showed calcifications in bilateral basal ganglia, thalamus and dentate nuclei. Interictal electroencephalogram showed theta range slowing of background activity and bilateral temporo-occipital, irregular, sharp and slow wave discharges, which accentuated during hyperventilation, photic stimulation and eye closure. Appearance of epileptiform discharges after eye closure, hyperventilation and photic stimulation may suggest presence of central neural hyperexcitability due to hypocalcaemia. These features may be an equivalent of peripheral neuromuscular hyperexcitability (Chvostek's and Trousseau's signs) that occurs in hypocalcaemia. The clinical and electroencephalographic features completely reversed with correction of serum calcium without antiepileptic medications. It is important for clinicians to recognise these reversible changes, as it can help to avoid misdiagnosis and long-term administration of antiepileptic becomes unnecessary.
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