ArticleJournal of neurovirology2017
Nef is secreted in exosomes from Nef.GFP-expressing and HIV-1-infected human astrocytes.
Article in Journal of neurovirology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 58 citations in OpenAlex.
- HIV-1 Nef generates lasting innate immune memory in haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells in vivo.EMBO reports · 2026Article
- Neuroinflammation and NeuroHIV: understanding the role of HIV-1 related factors in microglial activation.Translational psychiatry · 2026Review
- HIV-1 Nef induces astrocytes proliferation, inflammatory response, A1-like astrocytes polarization and subsequent neuronal apoptosis via NF-κB signaling pathway.Journal of neurovirology · 2026Article
- Multifaceted Role of Nef in HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder: Histopathological Alterations and Underlying Mechanisms.Brain sciences · 2025Review
- HIV protein Nef expression in human microglia drives the release of distinct Nef-containing extracellular vesicles.Extracellular vesicles and circulating nucleic acids · 2025Article
- Extracellular Vesicles from Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Potential as Therapeutics in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD).Biomedicines · 2024Review
- HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND) and Alzheimer's Disease Pathogenesis: Future Directions for Diagnosis and Treatment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Exosome-mediated regulation of inflammatory pathway during respiratory viral disease.Virology journal · 2024Review
- HIV-1 Nef Changes the Proteome of T Cells Extracellular Vesicles Depleting IFITMs and Other Antiviral Factors.Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP · 2023Article
- HIV-1 subtypes maintain distinctive physicochemical signatures in Nef domains associated with immunoregulation.Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Review
- Extracellular vesicles carrying HIV-1 Nef induce long-term hyperreactivity of myeloid cells.Cell reports · 2022Article
- The NeuroinflammatoryPotential of HIV-1 NefVariants in Modulating the Gene Expression Profile of Astrocytes.Cells · 2022Article
- Article
- Abundance of Nef and p-Tau217 in Brains of Individuals Diagnosed with HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders Correlate with Disease Severance.Molecular neurobiology · 2022Article
- HIV-1 Nef Protein Affects Cytokine and Extracellular Vesicles Production in the GEN2.2 Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Line.Viruses · 2021Article
- HIV-1Biology direct · 2021Article
- Review
- Expression of SARS-CoV-2-related receptors in cells of the neurovascular unit: implications for HIV-1 infection.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2021Article
- Emerging Role of Nef in the Development of HIV Associated Neurological Disorders.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
HIV-1 infection of the central nervous system causes HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders, even in aviremic patients. Although astrocyte malfunction was associated to these disorders, their implication is overshadowed by contributions of microglia and macrophages. Astrocytes are infected with HIV-1 in vivo and express a relevant amount of viral protein Nef. Nef was shown to stimulate its own release in exosomes from diverse cell types, which in turn have damaging effects on neighboring cells. Using immunoblotting and electron microscopy, we showed that human astrocytes expressing Nef.GFP similarly release Nef in exosomes. Importantly, Nef.GFP expression increases the secretion of exosomes from human astrocytes up to 5.5-fold, as determined by total protein content and nanoparticle tracking analysis. Protein analysis of exosomes and viruses separated on iodixanol gradient further showed that native or pseudotyped HIV-1-infected human astrocytes release exosomes, which contain Nef. Our results provide the basis for future studies of the damaging role of Nef-exosomes produced by HIV-infected astrocytes on the central nervous system.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.