ReviewInjury epidemiology2017
Risk markers for fatal and non-fatal prescription drug overdose: a meta-analysis.
Review in Injury epidemiology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 48 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
48 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 114 citations in OpenAlex.
- Genome-wide association study in individuals of European and African ancestry and multi-trait analysis of opioid use disorder identifies 19 independent genome-wide significant risk loci.Molecular psychiatry · 2022Pooled it
- Prevalence of childhood maltreatment among people with opioid use disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2021Pooled it
- Explaining the Differences in Opioid Overdose Deaths between Scotland and England/Wales: Implications for European Opioid Policies.European addiction research · 2021Pooled it
- Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs and Prescription Opioid-Related Outcomes in the United States.Epidemiologic reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Risk Factors for Drug Overdose in Young People: A Systematic Review of the Literature.Journal of child and adolescent psychopharmacology · 2019Pooled it
- Opioid Toxicity Following Concomitant Use of Macrolide Antibiotics with Fentanyl, Hydromorphone, or Oxycodone: A Population-Based Study.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2026Article
- Drug-Induced Deaths and Non-Fatal Poisonings in Youth-Associations With Household Adversities and Out-Of-Home Care.Drug and alcohol review · 2026Article
- Spatial analysis of county-level determinants of overdose mortality in the United States using spatial machine learning.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Potentially Inappropriate Use of Transdermal Fentanyl in Working-Age and Older Adult Populations with Non-Cancer Pain: Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2025Article
- The Complex Interplay of Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs, Regulated Medical Cannabis, and Chronic Pain Healthcare Visits.Journal of general internal medicine · 2025Article
- Patterns, circumstances and risk factors associated with non-fatal substance overdose in a cohort of homeless population: an observational study.International journal of clinical pharmacy · 2025Observational
- Rural Suicide: Demographics, Causes, and Treatment Implications.Community mental health journal · 2025Article
- Randomized Pilot of a Clinical Decision Support Tool to Increase Suicide Screening for at-Risk Primary Care Patients With Opioid Use Disorder.AJPM focus · 2024Article
- Predicting adverse cardiovascular events in emergency department patients with bupropion overdose.Academic emergency medicine : official journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine · 2024Article
- Development of a Real-Time Dashboard for Overdose Touchpoints: User-Centered Design Approach.JMIR human factors · 2024Article
- Long-term opioid therapy trajectories in veteran patients with and without substance use disorder.Addictive behaviors · 2024Article
- Estrous cycle dependent expression of oxycodone conditioned reward in rats.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Perioperative Management in the Collegiate Athlete: An Integrated Approach.Sports medicine international open · 2023Review
- Day-to-day impact of COVID-19 and other factors associated with risk of nonfatal overdose among people who use unregulated drugs in five cities in the United States and Canada.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2022Article
- The opioid use disorder core outcomes set (OUD-COS) for treatment research: findings from a Delphi consensus study.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundDrug overdose is a public health crisis in the United States, due in part to the unintended consequences of increases in prescribing of opioid analgesics. Many clinicians evaluate risk markers for opioid-related harms when prescribing opioids for chronic pain; however, more data on predictive risk markers are needed. Risk markers are attributes (modifiable and non-modifiable) that are associated with increased probability of an outcome. This review aims to identify risk markers associated with fatal and non-fatal prescription drug overdose by synthesizing findings in the existing peer-reviewed and grey literature. Eligible cohort, case-control, cross-sectional, and case-cohort studies were reviewed and data were extracted for qualitative and quantitative synthesis.
findingsSummary odds ratios (SOR) were estimated from 29 studies for six risk markers: sex, age, race, psychiatric disorders, substance use disorder (SUD), and urban/rural residence. Heterogeneity was assessed and effect estimates were stratified by study characteristics. Of the six risk markers identified, SUD had the strongest association with drug overdose death (SOR = 5.24, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 3.53 - 7.76), followed by psychiatric disorders (SOR = 3.94, 95% CI = 3.09 - 5.01), white race (SOR = 2.28, 95% CI = 1.93 - 2.70), the 35-44 year age group relative to the 25-34 year reference group (SOR = 1.52, 95% CI = 1.31 - 1.76), and male sex (SOR = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.17 - 1.51).
conclusionsThis review highlights fatal and non-fatal prescription drug risk markers most frequently assessed in peer-reviewed and grey literature. There is a need to better understand modifiable risk markers and underlying reasons for drug misuse in order to inform interventions that may prevent future drug overdoses.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.