ReviewESMO open2017
Mechanisms of action and rationale for the use of checkpoint inhibitors in cancer.
Review in ESMO open, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 196 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
196 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Does prior exposure to immune checkpoint inhibitors treatment affect incidence and mortality of COVID-19 among the cancer patients: The systematic review and meta-analysis.International immunopharmacology · 2021Pooled it
- First-in-Human Phase I/II Study of INCAGN01876, a Glucocorticoid-Induced Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Agonist, in Patients with Advanced or Metastatic Solid Tumors.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2025Trial
- Modulation of blood T cell polyfunctionality and HVEM/BTLA expression are critical determinants of clinical outcome in anti-PD1-treated metastatic melanoma patients.Oncoimmunology · 2024Trial
- First-in-human phase I/II, open-label study of the anti-OX40 agonist INCAGN01949 in patients with advanced solid tumors.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2022Trial
- First-line pembrolizumab for non-small cell lung cancer patients with PD-L1 ≥50% in a multicenter real-life cohort: The PEMBREIZH study.Cancer medicine · 2020Trial
- Identification of Gene Signatures Differentiating Cancer from Normal Tissues Across Histological Classifications of Gastric Adenocarcinoma via Machine Learning Methods.Biochemical genetics · 2026Article
- Immunotherapy for Diffuse Midline Glioma: From Preclinical Modeling to Clinical Translation.Cancers · 2026Review
- Pulmonary toxicity of immune checkpoint inhibitors.Breathe (Sheffield, England) · 2026Review
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Malignant Melanoma: Anti-PD-1, Anti-CTLA-4 and Anti-LAG-3 Therapies.Current oncology reports · 2026Review
- DisseminatedBMJ case reports · 2026Article
- Breaching the immune-cold barrier in pMMR/MSS metastatic colorectal cancer: emerging strategies beyond standard care.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Clinical management of liver cancer patients with immune checkpoint inhibitors treatment.Hepatic oncology · 2025Review
- Precision Delivery of Active Compounds from Edible and Medicinal Plants via Gut Microbiota Targeting: A New Paradigm for Cancer Immunotherapy.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Differentiating Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Related Pneumonitis from COVID-19 Pneumonia Using a CT-based Radiomics Nomogram.Current medical imaging · 2025Article
- Article
- Sensitization of tumours to immunotherapy by boosting early type-I interferon responses enables epitope spreading.Nature biomedical engineering · 2025Article
- Therapeutic Colorectal Cancer Vaccines: Emerging Modalities and Translational Opportunities.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Immunomodulation and Immunotherapy for Patients with Prostate Cancer: An Up-to-Date Review.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Mapping the landscape of gastric cancer immunotherapy: Bibliometric insights into advances and hotspots.World journal of gastrointestinal oncology · 2025Article
- Review
136 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The large family of costimulatory molecules plays a crucial role in regulation of the immune response. These molecules modulate TCR signalling via phosphorylation cascades. Some of the coinhibitory members of this family, such as PD-1 and CTLA-4, already constitute approved targets in cancer therapy and, since 2011, have opened a new area of antitumour immunotherapy. Many antibodies targeting other inhibitory receptors (Tim-3, VISTA, Lag-3 and so on) or activating costimulatory molecules (OX40, GITR and so on) are under evaluation. These antibodies have multiple mechanisms of action. At the cellular level, these antibodies restore the activation signalling pathway and reprogram T cell metabolism. Tumour cells become resistant to apoptosis when an intracellular PD-L1 signalling is blocked. CD8
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.