Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28761653›Full record

ArticleBMJ open diabetes research & care2017

Individuals with obesity and type 2 diabetes have additional immune dysfunction compared with obese individuals who are metabolically healthy.

Caroline Richard, Michael Wadowski, Susan Goruk, Lisa Cameron, Arya M Sharma, Catherine J Field

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open diabetes research & care, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 107 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
107citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
9.0field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

107 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 167 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Obesity is a risk factor for developing critical condition in COVID-19 patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2020
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  20. Impaired Responses to In Vitro Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Stimulation After Long-Term, Rotating Shift Work.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025
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47 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Caroline RichardDepartment of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.ORCID 0000-0003-1775-6464
Michael WadowskiDepartment of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
Susan GorukDepartment of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
Lisa CameronDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.
Arya M SharmaDepartment of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
Catherine J FieldDepartment of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
University of Alberta · CAWestern University · CA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThe objective of the current study was to compare the responses to different ex vivo immunogenic challenges between immune cells derived from metabolically healthy subjects with obesity and subjects with obesity and type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND

methodsWe recruited 10 metabolically healthy subjects with obesity (Edmonton Obesity Staging System (EOSS) stage 0) and 9 subjects with obesity and type 2 diabetes (EOSS stage 2) aged between 21 years and 70 years and matched for body mass index. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated and immune cell phenotypes and ex vivo cytokine production after phytohaemagglutinin (PHA, a T cell mitogen) stimulation were determined. Neutrophil oxidative burst activity was assessed in whole blood.

resultsPBMCs from subjects with stage 2 obesity produced significantly less interleukin (IL)-2, IL-6 and tumour necrosis factor α after PHA stimulation than PBMCs from subjects with stage 0 obesity (all, p<0.05). Subjects with stage 2 obesity also had higher proportions of cytotoxic T cells, activated helper T cells (CD4+CD278+) and inflammatory monocytes (CD14+CRTh2+, all p<0.05). Poststimulation, neutrophils from subjects with stage 2 obesity produced significantly more free radicals, were larger and more granular and had a lower stimulation index (all p<0.05).

conclusionsOur results suggest that compared with obese individuals metabolically healthy individuals with obesity and type 2 diabetes have an impaired neutrophil function and T cell response on challenge despite having a T cell population expressing more activation markers which may be partly responsible for the increased prevalence of infection reported in this population.

Indexed as

immunologyinflammationmetabolically healthy subjectsobesitytype 2 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID28761653
PMCPMC5530252
OpenAlexW2612189159

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.