ArticlePloS one2017
Proposed equations and reference values for calculating bone health in children and adolescent based on age and sex.
Article in PloS one, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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10 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Longitudinal Evaluation of Bone Safety in Children and Adolescents With HIV-1 Starting Tenofovir Alafenamide-Containing Antiretroviral Therapy.Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society · 2025Trial
- Methodological Clarification and Analysis of Demographic and Anthropometric Determinants in the Calculation of REMS Bone Mineral Density.Calcified tissue international · 2026Article
- Re: Bobelyak M, Vaculik J, Stepan JJ. Bone mineral density assessment using Radiofrequency Echographic Mult Spectrometry (REMS) in patients before and after total hip replacement, Osteoporos Int 2025;https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-025-07685-w and Re: Pocock N, Chan D. Editorial: Is REMS-BMD truly a measured parameter? A call for transparency and technical clarification, Osteoporos Int 2025;https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-025-07699-4.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2026Article
- Ultrasonography reference values for the calcaneus in children and adolescents living at high altitude in Peru.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Probabilistic prediction of segmental body composition in Iranian children and adolescents.BMC pediatrics · 2022Article
- Relationship between muscular fitness and bone health in young baseball players.European journal of translational myology · 2021Article
- Fat-Free Mass and Bone Mineral Density of Young Soccer Players: Proposal of Equations Based on Anthropometric Variables.Frontiers in psychology · 2019Article
- Muscle Mass in Children and Adolescents: Proposed Equations and Reference Values for Assessment.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2019Article
- Upper and lower limb bone mass accrual in adolescent footballers across a short period of training and competition.Jornal de pediatriaArticle
- Ultrasound reference values for the calcaneus of children and adolescents at moderate altitudes in Peru.Jornal de pediatriaArticle
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DXA) is the gold standard for measuring BMD and bone mineral content (BMC). In general, DXA is ideal for pediatric use. However, the development of specific standards for particular geographic regions limits its use and application for certain socio-cultural contexts. Additionally, the anthropometry may be a low cost and easy to use alternative method in epidemiological contexts. The goal of our study was to develop regression equations for predicting bone health of children and adolescents based on anthropometric indicators to propose reference values based on age and sex.
methods3020 students (1567 males and 1453 females) ranging in ages 4.0 to 18.9 were studied from the Maule Region (Chile). Anthropometric variables evaluated included: weight, standing height, sitting height, forearm length, and femur diameter. A total body scan (without the head) was conducted by means of the Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry. Bone mineral density (BMD) and the bone mineral content (BMC) were also determined. Calcium consumption was controlled for by recording the intake of the three last days prior to the evaluation. Body Mass Index (BMI) was calculated, and somatic maturation was determined by using the years of peak growth rate (APHV).
resultsFour regression models were generated to calculate bone health: for males BMD = (R2 = 0.79) and BMC = (R2 = 0.84) and for the females BMD = (R2 = 0.76) and BMC = (R2 = 0.83). Percentiles were developed by using the LMS method (p3, p5, p15, p25, p50, p75, p85, p95 and p97).
conclusionsRegression equations and reference curves were developed to assess the bone health of Chilean children and adolescents. These instruments help identify children with potential underlying problems in bone mineralization during the growth stage and biological maturation.
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