ArticleMolecular cell2017
AID Recognizes Structured DNA for Class Switch Recombination.
Article in Molecular cell, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 121 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
121 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 176 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evolutionary Comparative Analyses of DNA-Editing Enzymes of the Immune System: From 5-Dimensional Description of Protein Structures to Immunological Insights and Applications to Protein Engineering.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Pooled it
- HIV-1 envelope trimer vaccine induces sex-associated differences in antibody responses: a phase 1 clinical trial.Nature communications · 2025Trial
- Article
- BRIP1, a G-quadruplex DNA helicase, protects against AID-induced genomic instability by limiting R-loop accumulation.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2026Article
- AID self-assembly and multistranded DNA binding drive synapsis in class switch recombination.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- A dynamic RNA hub facilitates activation-induced cytidine deaminase recruitment to the immunoglobulin heavy-chain locus.Molecular cell · 2026Article
- CTCF directly binds G-quadruplex structures to regulate genome topology and gene expression.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- AID and TET2 cooperate to demethylate Irf4 for plasma cell fate in germinal center B cells.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2026Article
- The tiny germline chromosomes of Paramecium aurelia have an exceptionally high recombination rate and are capped by a new class of Helitrons.BMC biology · 2026Article
- DIS3 mutations enhance AID-driven translocations during B-cell activation, promoting transformation to multiple myeloma.Nature communications · 2026Article
- DNA secondary structures in BCL2 and MYC elicit activation-induced cytidine deaminase binding and activity.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- Non-B DNA structures and their contributions to genetic diversity, aging, and disease.Nucleic acids research · 2026Review
- Somatic hypermutation patterns are shaped by both motif position and sequence grammar.The EMBO journal · 2026Article
- A dynamic RNA hub facilitates activation induced cytidine deaminase recruitment to the immunoglobulin heavy chain locus.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Phase separation as an emerging regulatory framework in antibody class switching and genome stability.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Immunoproteasome inhibition triggers protein stress and apoptosis in cells of B cell lineage without impairing vaccination-induced antibody responses.Cell death discovery · 2025Article
- Insights on SNPs of Human Activation-Induced Cytidine Deaminase AID.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Persistent IgG1 clones dominate and personalize the plasma antibody repertoire.Science advances · 2025Article
- Formation of multiple G-quadruplexes contributes toward BCR fragility associated with chronic myelogenous leukemia.Nucleic acids research · 2025Article
- Article
61 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) initiates both class switch recombination (CSR) and somatic hypermutation (SHM) in antibody diversification. Mechanisms of AID targeting and catalysis remain elusive despite its critical immunological roles and off-target effects in tumorigenesis. Here, we produced active human AID and revealed its preferred recognition and deamination of structured substrates. G-quadruplex (G4)-containing substrates mimicking the mammalian immunoglobulin switch regions are particularly good AID substrates in vitro. By solving crystal structures of maltose binding protein (MBP)-fused AID alone and in complex with deoxycytidine monophosphate, we surprisingly identify a bifurcated substrate-binding surface that explains structured substrate recognition by capturing two adjacent single-stranded overhangs simultaneously. Moreover, G4 substrates induce cooperative AID oligomerization. Structure-based mutations that disrupt bifurcated substrate recognition or oligomerization both compromise CSR in splenic B cells. Collectively, our data implicate intrinsic preference of AID for structured substrates and uncover the importance of G4 recognition and oligomerization of AID in CSR.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.