ArticleAlcohol (Fayetteville, N.Y.)2017
Increased expression of M1 and M2 phenotypic markers in isolated microglia after four-day binge alcohol exposure in male rats.
Article in Alcohol (Fayetteville, N.Y.), 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 62 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
62 citing papers in PubMed, 100 citations in OpenAlex.
- The neuroimmune-glutamate hypothesis of addiction.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2026Review
- Mediodorsal thalamus of alcohol-dependent mice shows genetic and physiological adaptations and alcohol-biased calcium signaling.Neuropharmacology · 2026Article
- Microglia Promote Neurodegeneration and Hyperkatifeia during Withdrawal and Abstinence from Binge Alcohol.The American journal of pathology · 2026Article
- Sex differences in the neuroimmune response following heavy, binge-like alcohol exposure in adolescent rats.Journal of neuroimmunology · 2025Article
- Chronic alcohol consumption induces phenotypic and functional alterations consistent with a hyper-inflammatory state in peripheral blood mononuclear cell-derived microglia in a rhesus macaque model.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2025Article
- Tumor-Associated Macrophages in Glioblastoma: Mechanisms of Tumor Progression and Therapeutic Strategies.Cells · 2025Review
- Microglia promote neurodegeneration and hyperkatifeia during withdrawal and prolonged abstinence from binge alcohol.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Central amygdala neuroimmune signaling in alcohol use disorder.Addiction neuroscience · 2025Article
- Pharmacological Depletion of Microglia Protects Against Alcohol-Induced Corticolimbic Neurodegeneration During Intoxication in Male Rats.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2025Article
- Role of glial cells in neurotoxicological effects of alcohol.Advances in neurotoxicology · 2025Article
- Adolescent Alcohol and the Spectrum of Cognitive Dysfunction in Aging.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2025Review
- Review
- Influence of Alcohol on Intracerebral Hemorrhage: From Oxidative Stress to Glial Cell Activation.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Microglia activity in the human basal ganglia is altered in alcohol use disorder and reversed with remission from alcohol.Addiction biology · 2024Article
- Neuroimmune Activation and Microglia Reactivity in Female Rats Following Alcohol Dependence.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Review
- Astrocyte Reactivity and Neurodegeneration in the Female Rat Brain Following Alcohol Dependence.Neuroscience · 2023Article
- Review
- Sex-dependent factors of alcohol and neuroimmune mechanisms.Neurobiology of stress · 2023Article
- Scutellarin Acts via MAPKs Pathway to Promote M2 Polarization of Microglial Cells.Molecular neurobiology · 2023Article
2 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Microglia activation and neuroinflammation are common features of neurodegenerative conditions, including alcohol use disorders (AUDs). When activated, microglia span a continuum of diverse phenotypes ranging from classically activated, pro-inflammatory (M1) microglia/macrophages to alternatively activated, growth-promoting (M2) microglia/macrophages. Identifying microglia phenotypes is critical for understanding the role of microglia in the pathogenesis of AUDs. Therefore, male rats were gavaged with 25% (w/v) ethanol or isocaloric control diet every 8 h for 4 days and sacrificed at 0, 2, 4, and 7 days after alcohol exposure (e.g., T0, T2, etc.). Microglia were isolated from hippocampus and entorhinal cortices by Percoll density gradient centrifugation. Cells were labeled with microglia surface antigens and analyzed by flow cytometry. Consistent with prior studies, isolated cells yielded a highly enriched population of brain macrophages/microglia (>95% pure), evidenced by staining for the macrophage/microglia antigen CD11b. Polarization states of CD11b
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.