ReviewJournal of neurovirology2018
Changing clinical phenotypes of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders.
Review in Journal of neurovirology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 77 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
77 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 117 citations in OpenAlex.
- Management Practice and Clinical Outcomes of Dementia in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review.Behavioural neurology · 2023Pooled it
- Impact of HIV-associated cognitive impairment on functional independence, frailty and quality of life in the modern era: a meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2022Pooled it
- Living With Chronic HIV Disease in the Antiretroviral Era: The Impact of Neurocognitive Impairment on Everyday Life Functions.Topics in antiviral medicinePooled it
- Antiretroviral Therapy Intensification for Neurocognitive Impairment in Human Immunodeficiency Virus.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2023Trial
- Feasibility and Impact of a Yoga Intervention on Cognition, Physical Function, Physical Activity, and Affective Outcomes among People Living with HIV: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial.Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS CareTrial
- Memory Strategy Use, Cognition, and Metacognition Among People Aging with HIV.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- A Comparative Study of the Profile of Cognitive Impairment and Associated Factors among Subsets of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Patients in a Special Human Immunodeficiency Virus Clinic in South-East Nigeria.Annals of African medicine · 2026Article
- Cognitive impairment is associated with poorer oral health in people with HIV: evidence from a pilot study.Quintessence international (Berlin, Germany : 1985) · 2026Article
- From HIV to SARS-CoV-2 associated neurological disorder ("HAND" to "SAND"): Viral infection as a "time-bomb" for the aging brain.Neuroscience applied · 2026Review
- Characterization of Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) Adherence Phenotypes and Psychosocial Symptom Clusters Among Black/African American (AA) and Hispanic/Latine Adolescents and Young Adults (AYAs) with HIV in the Adherence Connection for Counseling, Education, and Support (ACCESS-II) Trial.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2025Article
- Human immunodeficiency virus 1 glycoprotein 120 induces endoplasmic reticulum stress in neurons.Cell death & disease · 2025Article
- Serotonergic and Dopaminergic Function in Neuropsychiatrically Asymptomatic People With HIV on Antiretroviral Therapy.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2025Article
- Expression of HIV envelope protein in the human central nervous system.AIDS (London, England) · 2025Article
- Health literacy mediates the association between cognition and healthcare provider interactions among gay and bisexual men with HIV disease.The Clinical neuropsychologist · 2025Article
- Viruses and the Brain-A Relationship Prone to Trouble.Viruses · 2025Review
- α-Synuclein fibrils enhance HIV-1 infection of human T cells, macrophages and microglia.Nature communications · 2025Article
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- Cognitive impairment and neurocognitive profiles among people living with HIV and HIV-negative individuals older over 50 years: a comparison of IHDS, MMSE and MoCA.Journal of neurovirology · 2024Article
- Accelerated neurodegeneration of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons in HIV-1 gp120 transgenic mice: Critical role of the p75 neurotrophin receptor.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2024Article
17 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) remains a common cause of cognitive impairment and persists in 15-55% of HIV+ individuals in the combination antiretroviral therapy (CART) era. CART is now the primary treatment for HAND, but it is effective in only a subset of patients. In the pre-CART era, HIV-associated dementia was the most common form of HAND. However, in CART-treated patients, the prevalence of HIV-associated dementia has declined substantially, and milder stages of HAND, i.e., ANI and MND predominate. HIV+ patients with mild neurocognitive disorder (MND) can still have significant functional impairment in some activities of daily living. There have been several other significant changes in the clinical features of HAND in the CART era. The mean survival for an individual diagnosed with HIV dementia has increased dramatically. In HIV+ individuals on CART with a suppressed systemic viral load, the majority of individuals with HAND remain stable, with a small proportion showing deterioration. Extrapyramidal signs are now less common in patients with HAND on CART. In the CART era, HAND may have a mixed pattern of both cortical and subcortical features with greater deficits in executive functioning and working memory. Despite the milder clinical phenotype, in the CART era, patients with HAND still have persistent laboratory and neuroimaging abnormalities in the central nervous system even with systemic viral suppression. As the HIV+ patient population ages, cerebrovascular disease risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, and hypercholesterolemia are increasingly recognized as risk factors for cognitive impairment in HIV+ patients on CART. HAND remains a common neurological condition globally in the CART era, necessitating the need for new animal models to examine pathogenesis and potential treatments for HAND.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.